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industrial and social development in cities - Coggle Diagram
industrial and social development in cities
gosplan and aims of first 3 five year plans
gosplan, the state planning agency, was given responsibility to establish output targets for economic enterprises
Party leaders often argued with gosplan over their regions having more resources
The first five year plan 1928-1932 focussed on the development of heavy industries
The key aims were to increase production by 300%, focus on coal and iron, boot electricity output by 600% and double the output of light industry
no major aims met
The second five year plan 1933-1937 gave more attention to consumer goods
key aims were to continue heavy industry development and promote light industries
This plan had some success such as the Moscow metro opening and the volga canal
The third five year plan 1938-1942 had a focus on the defence sector
Heavy industry had the most growth, but resources were redirected to rearmament
new industrial projects
Dnieprostroi dam
largest hydroelectric power station on the Dnieper river, largest soviet power plant in the world
The turksib railway
connected Central Asia with Siberia, facilitated transport of cotton
Moscow metro
first underground railway system in the ussr
Volga canal
built by prisoners of the dmitlag labour camp, 200,000 prisoners employed of which 20,000 died
Stakhanovites and conditions for workers and women
stahkanovites
the Stakhanovite movement emerged after a worker managed to produce 102 tonnes of coal in 6 hours
Ideal propaganda for the Soviet Union trying to create a proletariat culture based on teamwork
workers
Workers endured a 7 day week with long hours
Real wages increased during the second five year plan, but they were still lower than 1928
State labour camps had poor conditions and the estimated death rate was 700 per day
women
In 1929, female workers were largely concentrated in the lowest paying jobs
By 1935, women constituted 46% of all labour in the Soviet Union
Women were often harassed both physically and sexually in factories
success of the five year plans
the five year plans undoubtedly transformed Russia into a modern industrial economy
Some targets were over ambitious and were not met
The economy grew 5% each year from 1928-1940