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Digestive & Urinary system Zaide Guzman P.1 - Coggle Diagram
Digestive & Urinary system
Zaide Guzman P.1
Major organs of the digestive system
Mouth : First portion of alimentary canal
Surrounded by lips, cheeks, tongue, palate
Oral cavity chamber between palate and tongue
Pharynx: cavity living posterior to the mouth
Esophagus: muscular tube leading from pharynx to stomach
Stomach: J-shaped muscular organ in upper left abdominal quadrant
Receives food from esophagus
Mixes food with digestive juices
Small intestines: Long tubular organ, runs from the stomach to the beginning of the large intestine
Rectum: Straight section of large intestine, lies next to sacrum
Anus: Opens to the outside, guarded by an involuntary internal anal sphincter and a voluntary external sphincter
Major organs of the urinary systems
Kidneys: Regulate volume, composition, PH of body fluids
Removes metabolic wastes from the blood in process from urine
Renal Pelvis: Filtration structure in renal cortex preforms first step of urine formation
Cluster of capillaries, glomerulus and glomerular capsule, cup-shaped sac
ureters: Muscular tube that conveys urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder.
Major functions of the digestive system
Breaks down food and takes all of the nutrients, proteins and carbohydrates.
Mechanical and chemical breakdown of foods to get nutrients
Mechanical digestion
Breaks down large pieces of food to smaller ones
Chemical digestion
Breaks down large nutrients molecules into smaller chemicals
Major functions of the urinary system
Functions: Filters salts and wastes from blood - helps maintain normal concentrations of electrolytes and water
-Regulates PH and body fluis volume
Digestive enzymes
Are in charge of breaking down carbohydrates, proteins and fats.
Location of digestion and absorption of each macromolecule
Small intestine in pancreas produces digestive enzymes that break down macromolecules in the small intestine.
Layers of the GI tract
Serosa: outside layer
Muscularis: Two thin layers of smooth muscles
Mucosa: the innermost tunic of the wall
Lumen: Thin layer
Nephron anatomy and physiology
Nephron: Functional unit of kidney produces urine independently
Disorders of the digestive and urinary systems
Cholecystitis : inflammation of the gall bladder
Peptic ulcers: sores develop lining of the stomach or duodenum