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Digestive and Urinary System, Major functions of the digestive system,…
Digestive and Urinary System
Mechanical digestion;breaks down large pieces of food into smaller ones
Chemical digestion: breakdowns nutrient molecules into smaller chemicals by breaking chemical bonds
Alimentary canal- muscular tube that passes through thoracic and abdominal pelvic cavities
mixing movements: occur when smooth mucles contract in small se
propelling movements- wave like movement allows mass of food propelled to next segment
Mouth- it receives food and begins mechanical digestion by mastication
Teeth: it helps to handle food with different molars to be able to process the food
Saliva secretions- The amylase helps breaks down starch into the disaccharides
Filters salts and wastes from the blood. It also helps maintain normal concentrations of electrolytes and water. Also regulates ph and body fluid volume
Kidneys- filter the blood , ureters transport urine from kidneys to bladder
urethra conveys urine to the outside of the body
Nephron- the function of the kidney to produce urine independently
Renal corpuscle- it helps in the formation of urine
Glomerular filtration- involves the filtration of water and small dissolved substances from the glomerular capillaries
Tubular re absorption- return of useful substances to the blood by transporting them from filtrate back
tubular secretion- 20% plasma is filtered by the glomerulus 80% is transported waste and large molecules typically join forming by tubular secretion
urine composition- 95% water and also contains urea,uric acid, a trace of amino acids and electrolytes
Ureters- Muscular tube that conveys urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder
kidneys-filters the blood
ureters-transport the urine from the kidney to the bladder
urinary bladder- stores urine
urethra-convey urine to the outside outside the body
pepsin-active form of protein an enzyme activated by hydrochloric
Amylase- enzyme that break down the starch
trypsin- break down protein
lactase- breaks down lactose
sucrace-breaks down sucrace
peptic ulcers
inflammatory bowel diseases
cholecystitis
colon disease
gastrointestinal reflex disease
kidney stones
urinary tract infection
bladder cancer
peptic ulcers
Mucosa- inner layer of the wall
submocosa- lies under the mucous
muscularis- consist of two layers of smooth muscle inner circular layer and outer longitudinal
serosa- outer serous layer or visceral peritoneum
macrontrients-chemical substances that are required by large amounts
carbohyrate-organic compound used as an energy
proteins- nutrients to build and maintain cells and tissues
lipids- organic substaces that include fats
Major functions of the digestive system
Major functions of the urinary system
Major organs of the urinary system
digestive enzymes
disorders of the digestive and urinary