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BIOLOGICAL PHYSCOLOGY, THE BRAIN, Central Nervous System, Peripheral…
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THE BRAIN
Forebrain
Hypothalamus - It plays a role in controlling behaviors such as hunger, thirst, sleep, and sexual response. It also regulates body temperature, blood pressure, emotions, and secretion of hormones.
Thalamus - Serves as a relay station for almost all information that comes and goes to the cortex. It plays a role in pain sensation, attention, alertness and memory
Hindbrain
Medulla - Connects the brain to the spinal cord. It carries signals from the brain to the rest of the body for essential life functions like breathing, circulation, swallowing, and digestion.
Cerebellum - Composed of right and left hemispheres. It performs higher functions like interpreting touch, vision and hearing, as well as speech, reasoning, emotions, learning, and fine control of movement
Cerebral Cortex
Hemispheres
Contralateral hemispheric dominance - Left side of the brain controls the right side of the brain and vise versa.
Lobes of the brain
Frontal Lobe - Personality, judgement, speech, body movement and self awareness
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Parietal Lobe - interprets language, sense of touch and pain, interprets stimuli, spatial and visual preception
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Temporal lobe - understanding language, memory, hearing, sequencing and organizations
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Midbrain
Reticular formation - Subserves autonomic, motor, sensory, behavioral, cognitive, and mood-related functions.
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THE NEURON
Parts
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Myelin Sheath - A fatty layer coating some axons that protects the axon and assists with the speedy delivery of the nerve impulse
Axon Terminal - Fibres that branch out from the end of the presynaptic neurons axon and link with the dendrites of the postsynaptic neuron; responsible for releasing neurotransmitters into the synapse
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An individual nerve cell that receives, transmits and processes information
