Digestive Urinary concept map by Katheryn Castro-Navarro P.3
Location of digestion and absorption of each macromolecule
Macromolecule: Digested in the alimentary system
Absorption in small intestine
Proteins:Stomach
Small intestine
Nucleic acid: Small intestine for both
Carbohydrates: Oral cavity
Small intestine
Lipids: Oral cavity
Stomach
Digestive Enzymes
Salivary amylase:
Begins carbohydrate digestion by breaking down starch to disaccharides
Pancreatic amulase:
Breakdown starch into disaacharides
Pepsin: Begins protein digestion
Pancreatic Lipase:
Breakdown fats into fatty acids and glycerol
Proteolytic enzymes: Trypsin, Chymetrypsin, Carboxypeptidose,
Each breaks down proteins or partially digested proteins into peptides
Nucleases:
Breakdown nucleic acids into nucleotides
Peptidase:
Breakdown peptides amino acids
Maltase, Lactase, Sucrase:
Breakdown fats into fatty acids and glycerol
Types of digestion
Intestinal lipase:
Converts trypsin
Mechanical: Breakdown large pieces of food into smaller onces; chem position isn't changed by the process
Chemical digestion: Breakdown large nutrient molecules into smaller pieces. Consists of alimentary canal, leading from mouth to anus, and several accessory organs whose secretions help processes of digestion
Digestion: Mech and chem breakdown of food and absorption of nutrients
Major functions of the Urinary system
Filters salts and wastes from blood
helps maintain normal concentration of electrolytes and water
Regulate pH and body fluid volume
Helps control RBC production and BP
Major Organs of the Urinary Systems
Kidneys: Filter blood
Ureters: Transport urine from kidneys to bladder
Urinary bladder: Stores urine
Urethra: conveys urine out of body
Major Organs of the digestive system:
Mouth:
1st step
Mastification
Pharynx:
Cavity lying posterior to the mouth
Esophagus:
Muscle tube leading from pharynx to stomach
Stomach:
J-shaped muscle organ in upper left abdominal quad
Receives food from esophagus
Digests protein
Propels food to small intensine
Small intestine:
Long tubular organ, runs from stomach to begin of large intestine
Receives chyme from stomach
Absorbs digestive product of end
Trans remaining residue to large
Large Intestine:
1.5 meters long
Opens out of bod as anus
Absorbs H20 and electrolytes, forms, and stores feces
Rectum:
Straight section of large intestine, lies next to sacrum
Anus:
Secretes bile
Nephron anatomy and physiology:
Anatomy: Has 3 main parts
The glomerulus
Bowman's capsule
The tubules
Physiology: Regulates water in blood by filtering blood
Reabsorbs what is needed
Excretes what isn't as urine
Layers of the GI tract:
Mucosa: epithelium
lamina propria
muscular mucosae
Submucosa:
Muscularis propia
Serosa