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Reasons for outbreak of Irish Civil War - Coggle Diagram
Reasons for outbreak of Irish Civil War
SF division over treaty
not full independence
Collins "freedom to achieve it"
O'Conner willing to establish military courts early on
Brugha called it a "drink of poison" but others called it committing "national suicide"
wording of oath of allegiance contentious
DeV fears BR monarchy would have direct control of Ire
anti-treaty people denounced it as a betrayal of republic
De Valera resigns with hope of re-election-believed monarchy would have control over Ireland
Collins leading Provisional Government
Support of treaty saw it as an honourable document
Collins + Griffith "you can take it that way"
Short Term causes
when Wilson killed Collins had to act
acts of sporadic violence e.g looting + train attacks
O'Conner occupied 4 Courts
pressure from Britain to act decisively
provisional government couldn't ignore it-act of defiance
Division in IRA
IRA had increased importance as Dail wasn't working
military conflict inevitable when IRA got control of areas
unwilling to surrender to convention
anti-treaty men wanted conceition
threats against PG
banned at 11th hour but 200 A-T officers still had own
many revolutionaries couldn't adjust to constitutional parts
Peep Splits
general HQ broadly supportive, met units in South
IRA filled ex-British barracks regardless of treaty stance
Longer-standing divisions of SF
1918 SF is an umbrella group
Griffith's original policy of dual monarchy
rallying point for all nationalists-PFN + CS
difficult to agree policy
1917 Ard-Fhéis had done little to gloss over differences
SF had become unwilling benefactor of Easter week
"SF Rising" had support of PFN
De Valera produced compromise formula
working agreement implemented to win in 1918
deliberately vague policies and mechanisms
only needed united front to defeat IPP
unclear over legitimacy of PFN
firstly would secure international recognition of Ire independent republic
after people would freely choosw