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RUGGED INDIVIDUALISM TO NEW DEAL IDEAS - Coggle Diagram
RUGGED INDIVIDUALISM TO NEW DEAL IDEAS
RUGGED INDIVIDUALISM
People who could look after themselves, make their own way in the world, and prosper.
Govt shouldn't interfere to help homeless/poor - as it made them more reliant
Govt shouldn't regulate working hours/ conditions or pay.
USA should isolate itself from other countries and focus on domestic issues (isolationism)
USA should restrict immigration
DECLINE OF REPUBLICANISM
Hoover realised individualism wasn't working, but was reluctant to encourage govt intervention. Instead, he advocated voluntarism: private charities could offer help on a local level
By about 1930, Hoover realised that federal intervention was needed. Between 1930 and 1932, he moved from voluntarism to giving federal help to the states
He then moved on to ask congress to pass laws to give direct federal help.
Hoover tried to put more federal measures through congress, but they rejected.
The measures that Hoover passed got the govt into more debt.
Last year of Hoovers presidency: govt spend $5000 million, but received only $2000 million.
BONUS ARMY:
WW1 veterans asked for their war bonus early due to GD.
Govt refused, so they protested and camped outside the white house.
Hoover sent in troops as there were fears of riots, who destroyed camps and acted violently.
This caused Hoover to lose a significant amount of popularity.
A CHANGING MOOD
1931: Democrats majority in house of representatives, and were gaining seats in the senate.
Hoover increasingly unpopular with voters:
Won only 6 states in 1932 election.
FDR:
Democratic candidate
offered a 'New Deal'
Great communicator, optimistic.
FDR became president in 1932.
NEW DEAL THINKING/IDEAS
Govt was responsible for the welfare of the people; people needed help to get back on their feet.
Stressed the importance of rapid, national action:
Less policy-making power to states, more power to federal govt.
FDR got congress to accept this as he suggested that the increase in federal powers were only temporary.
Some of FDR's alphabet agencies need a federal agency coordinating activity.
NRA: Set working hours, set minimum wages
AAA: regulated major crops. Subsidised farmers to grow less crops that were being overproduced.