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Acute Kidney Injury - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Ischemic
      - Nephrotoxic
        
        Anitbiotics
        Cisplatin
        IV contrast dye
        NSAIDS
        Calcineurin inhibitors
        Hemoglobin
        Myoglobin
      - Prolonged prerenal injury
    - - Tubular Injury causes epithelial Cells to break down
        
        Tamm-Horsfall mucoprotein is secreted by cells in ascending loop of henle
        
        Formation of casts due to myoglobin and other metabolic products in distal tubules/collecting ducts of nephron
    - - NaCl resoption is impaired so MD sees higher NaCl
        
        Activation of TGF
        
        Afferent arteriolar vasoconstriction
        
        Reduction of GFR, and tubule flow rate
    - - More likely to reocver if baseline is normal
      - Mortality associated with ATN
  - - - AKI 1-2 weeks following exposure
        Fever
        Rash
        Eosinophiia
        Urinalysis showing WBCs, RBCs, WBC casts
    - - Drugs
        
        Antibiotics
        PPI
        Nsaids
        Phenytoin
        Allopurinol
        Ranitidine
      - Infection
        
        EBC
        CMV
        Legionella
        Bucella
        Mycoplasma
    - - Examples
        
        Vasculitis
        IgA nephropathy
      - Presentation
        
        Systemic symptoms
        Rapid rise in creatinine
        HTN
        Urinalysis showing RBC, RBC casts, protein
- - - - Posterior urethral valves, meningomyelocele
    - - Prostate CA, Bladder CA, Cervical CA
    - - Papillary necrosis
        Bilateral kidney stones
        Bladder stones
        Strictures
- - - - A -Acidosis
        E - Electrolyte
        I - Intoxication
        O - Overload
        U - Uremia