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paper 1 definitions - Coggle Diagram

- - - - (un)loads applications from memory
      - schedules tasks to run efficiently on CPU
      - memory management
      - file storage to and from secondary storage devices such as hard disk
      - file management
      - data security
    - - enables OS to control and communicate with the device
    - - menu interface
        
        give users possible list of actions the system can carry out.
        
        useful when a computer is intended to handle a small number of tasks
      - command line interface
        
        allows user to interact directly w/ the computer by typing in commands into a screen
      - graphical interface
        
        most commonly used interface
        
        easy way for people to interact with the computer since it uses pictures, graphics and icons
    - - file management
      - multi tasking
      - memory management
- - - - GNU general public licence
        
        you may copy, distribute and modify software as long as you track changes/ dates in source files.
        
        any modifications to software including GPL-licenced code must also be made available under GPL along w/ build & install instructions
      - if you modify the source code, that version also has to be made available under the GNU license
    - - GIMP- photo editing application
      - Open Office- an office suite with word processor, spreadsheet and database
      - Audacity- an audio recording and editing application
      - Linux- operating system
  - - - intellectual property is usually handled legally with a proprietary license
    - - the solution to this is not to publish the source itself, but to compile it into a set of machine code instructions in an executable file and rent that file to customers.
        
        this means that when you purchase software, you do not actually own it. you enter a contract w/ the seller that gives you permission to use it in a certain way, it might even be time limited so you have to pay an annual fee to keep using it. these permissions are set out in a document called a 'license'
        
        a single-user licence states that only one person can use it at any given time. multi-user licences are usually much more expensive. the license usually forbids copying or reverse engineering the code and this is covered by the data protection act.
    - - commercial applications tend to be quite polished compared to equivalent 'open source' applications. documentation and help tends to be better as well. after all, they want to attract as many customers as possible. open source doesn't have the pressure to be user friendly.
      - they also offer support in the form of regular software updates ad perhaps direct customer support for a specific period after purchase. if the customer needs continued customer support, then they may be able to set up a support contract with the vendor
- - - - stores address of data being accessed
    - - stores data fetched from main memory
    - - stores next instruction to be fetched
    - - stores calculations being performed by ALU