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9 Infrastructure - Coggle Diagram
9 Infrastructure
10) Investment Model
Build-Operate-Transfer(BOT)
Build-Own-Operate(BOO)
Build-Own-Operate-Transfer(BOOT)
Build-Operate-Lease-Transfer(BOLT)
Design-Build-Operate-Transfer(DBFO)
Lease-Develop-Operate(LDO)
Misc
Viability Gap Funding - GoI provide up to 40% for any PPP
can be more for social
Special Purpose Vehicle
Hybrid Annuity - 60% Pvt + 40% Govt(at Start)
8) Rural & Urban
MPLADS
Centre Sector - MoSPI
non-lapsable fund
Prime Minister’s Development Initiative for North East Region (PMDevINE)
via North-Eastern Council
Vibrant Villages
for Border villages
Aspirational(Backward) Blocks Programme
focus on 112 Aspirational Districts on key sectors
2) Mining/Basic Industry
India's Mineral
1)4 Hydrocarbon energy(Coal, Lignite, Petro & NG) 2)5 Atomic(Ilmenite, Rutile, Zircon, Uranium, Monazite) 3)Metallic 4)Non-Metallic 5)Minor(e.g. Sand, Mica, Marble, Granite etc - falls in State list, others called major mineral in GoI list)
non-fuel & non-coal - 100% FDI
Coal
Reserve - USA > RUS > CHN > AUS > IND; Producer - CHN > IND; Consumer - CHN > IND
Exporter - AUS > Indonesia > RUS
Peat -> Lignite -> Bituminous -> Anthracite
Steel
Producer(CHN(54%)>IND(6%)>JP)
Consumer(CHN(49%)>USA>IND(6%))
Eastern States - (OR, JH, WB, CH, North AP) = 80% Iron reserve
4) Water
Inland Waterway Authority of India, Statutory, Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways
Port Type
1)Dry(inland terminal connected to rail/road) 2)Industrial(bulk cargo) 3)Commercial(general cargo & passenger) 4)Comprehensive(industry + commercial) 5)Inland(on river) 6)Out(in deep H20 for large ship) 7)Naval 8)Ports of Call(refuelling, supply)
see imp ports map if required
5) Roads
USA > IND > CHN(they focus on NH);
3 Highway Orgs - NHAI, State Public Works Dept(PWD), BRO;
Roads >> State Highway >> National Highway >> Expressway
CO2 India - Power(45%) > Industry(30%) > Transport(13%) > Building(8%) > Energy & Agri(4%)
EV - <1% Mkt Share in India(2% CHN);
Lithium(CHN biggest exporter)
3) Energy
Thermal(Coal>Gas>Diesel)=64% > Renewable except Hydro(Solar, Wind etc)=24% > Hydro=12% > Nuclear=2%
UDAY for Discom, One Nation One Grid etc
World Energy Investment Report/India Energy Outlook by IEA(International Energy Agency) - largest consumer - CHN>USA>EU>IND
6) Railways
US>CHN>RUS>IND
Cross subsidization
7) Aviation
Drone Regulation
import banned except for R&D
1) ‘Kisan Drones’ for digitization of land records, crop assessment, spraying of insecticides, and fertilizers. 2) ‘Drone Shakti’: Drone-As-A-Service (DrAAS)
9) Telecommunication
Universal Service Obligation Fund
for telecom in rural
5% of AGR + Govt fund
1) Infra Status by DEA(FinMin)
1) Transport & Logistic 2) Energy 3) Water & Sanitation 4) Communication 5) Social & Commercial Infra
tax benefit, relaxed ECB etc
Budget 2022 - will give to Data Centres, Energy Storage Systems, grid-scale battery systems, EV charging infra
Logistic