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COGS1000 Upper Motor Neuron Control of the Brainstem (Week 9) - Coggle…
COGS1000 Upper Motor Neuron Control of the Brainstem (Week 9)
Primary Motor Cortex
Distinguishing features
Architectonics
Output layer 5 contains distinctive large-diameter pyramidal neurons (Betz cells)
Electrophysiology
low intensity electrical stimulation elicits movements
Topographic organisation
Wilder Penfield, first to systematically map the PMC
Bigger areas for hands, tongue and feet than arms/legs
Movements, not muscles!
Brainstem centres
Sensorimotor control loop
Visual information required to locate target
Frontal-lobe motor areas plan the reach and command the movement
Spinal cord carries the movement
Motor neurons carry message to muscles of the hand and forearm
Sensory receptors on the fingers send message to sensory cortex saying that the cup has been grasped
Spinal cord carries sensory information to brain
Basal ganglia judge grasp forces, and cerebellum wcorrects movement errors
Sensory cortex receives the message that the cup has been grasped
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Descending tracts
Corticobulbar tract
Corticospinal tract