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Sodium/Potassium Homeostasis - Coggle Diagram
Sodium/Potassium Homeostasis
Sodium
Regulation
RAAS
To change the volume you need to change total body sodium
Adding sodium increases extracellular volume
Monitors and regulates perfusion through baroreceptor
Water-ADH-Thirst
Monitors and regulates osmolarity
Changes amount of water as adding water decreases osmolarity
Edema
Increase in size of interstitial Space
Causes
Increase in capillary hydrostatic pressure
Decrease in capillary oncotic pressure
Increase capillary permeability
Diuretics
Loop diuretics: Ascending limb
Thiazides: Proximal Convoluted tubule
K Sparing diuretics: Collecting duct
Potassium
Normal Range
Normal: 3.5-5.1
Hyperkalemia: >5.1
Hypokalemia: <3.5
Na-K-ATPase
Na Out of cell, K+ into cell for eventual K+ Excretion
K Regulation
Ins
Increase in potassium after eating
Shifts
Small rise in ECF potassium stimulates insulin release
Insulin needed for Sodium proton transporter
Sodium-potassium-ATPase
Reabsorbed in PCT and TAL
Plasma K regulates aldosterone secretion
Also stimulates Na-K-ATPase activity, and increase apical K channel density
Aldosterone increases Na Resorption
In turn results in K secretion
More rapid flow rate maintains lower K concentration and higher gradient for K secretion
Proton Effects (H+)
Low K
Low Na-K-ATPase Activity
High ICF Na
NHE Antiported Move H+ into ICF
High H+ ICF Drives ammonium and new HCO3- production
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Outs