geography - mumbai
urbanization
benefits
negatives
expands human knowledge
more gdp
more people moving to urbann
more percentage of money being produced in cities
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factors affecting urbanisation
migration; forced, voluntary, permanant, temporary, international, regional
natural increase
economic development
location
birth rate > death rate
higher in urban areas due to
better medical care
improved water supply
more food
historic location
trade thrives on successful transport routs
many biggest airports are trade links
cities that are good place for businesses = growth through trade
growth creates jobs which attracts people
more ideas = more business initatives
mumbai
dharavi
cbd (central business district)
malabar hill
slum district, high pop density, bad environmental quality
expensive residential area
full of skyscrapers, expensive
mumbai contributes 83% of all of india's income
home to TNCs ie
bank of america
glaxosmithkline
volkswagon
walt disney
attractive to businesses
cheap wages
can still use single use plastics
$689 annual wage
no tax
has 2 airports and good transport links
lots of unemployed skilled people
1.2 million people
water turned on for 2 hours a day
hygiene is a problem
1 in 20 have to use streets as toilets
4000 cases of diphtheria daily
one toilet is shared between 1450 roughly
800 million liters of untreated sewerage
unemployment and poverty
many people cannot find jobs in the formal sectors so they turn to jobs in the informal sectors
low working conditions and low wages
also don't pay taxes in informal sectors
not contributing to society
education
health care
1188 primary schools, 49 secondary schools
10 years of school then 2 years of college
choose art science or commerce
literacy rate is highest in india w/ 89.7%
paid directly by patient
mumbai has 25 hospitals
more in urban areas - poorer people save travel money
no sewerage system
largest slum in asia
demolishing slums
to make space for high rise
rehousing people
some get nice apartments, but others don't if you don't meet the requirements
you have to leave your old home, job and business behind...
1m squ kms
in the Maharashtra state
improve life
vision mumbau
slum resettlement scheme
mumbai slum sanitation project
self help scheme
reduce disease spread
improve sanitation
over 300 community toilets w more than 5100 individual toilets
microcredit scheme, grameen bank
informal workers save money and take loans
widescale clearance and redevelopment
mixture of houses+shops
wide road and trees lined pavements will replace narrow alleys