Oscar Quiroz
Period 5
Digestive & Urinary system
Major organs of digestive system
Major organs of urinary system
Major functions of urinary system
Major functions of digestive system
Nephron anatomy and physiology
Location of digestion and absorption of each marco molecule
Layers of GI tract
Digestive enzymes
Disorders of the digestive and urinary systems
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Chyme from the stomach contains partially digested carbohydrates, proteins and undigested fats
-take in food
-break it down into nutrient molecules
-absorb molecules
-rid body of indigestible remains
The location of digestion and absorption is the small intestine
-teeth
-tongue
-gallbladder
digestive glands
The layers of the Gi tract
The functions of the kidneys is a major excretory organ is to maintain the body's internal environment by
-Activating vitamin D
-Excreting metabolic wastes,toxins and drugs
-Ensuring long term acid base balance
Nephron is a structural and functional units that can form urine in the kidneys and the two main parts is the renal capsule and renal tubule
mouth and associated organs
-mouth
-tongue
-salivary glands
-teeth
-Intraperiteneal organs:organs that are located within the peritoneum
-Retropetiteneal organs:located, outside, or posterior to the peritoneum
Teeth:they lie in the sockets in gum margins covered by the gum of mandible and maxilla.
-Teeth are classified as shapes by incisors,calnes,premolars and molars
The digestive process of the stomach is
-carry broken down food
-holding area for food
-chyme delivered to small intestine
-proteins denatures by HCI
-pepsin carries enzymatic digestion of protein
-alcohol and aspirin are absorbed into the blood
The subdivisions are
-Duodenum which is curving around the head of pancreas
-Jejunum is attached posteriorly by mesentery
-Leum is when it joins the large intestine at ileocecal valve
Modifications of the small intestine for absorption is it provides a surface area for nutrient absorption
The large intestine has three features
-teniae coli is what has three of longitudinal smooth muscle in musculants
-Haustra is pocketlike sacs caused by tone of teniae coli
-Epiploic appendages is fat filled pouches of visceral perotoneum
Salivary Glands is what dissolves food for taste and moistens food and compacts into bolus
The Gallbladder is thin walled muscular and the function is to store and concentrate bile by absorbing water and pons
The major regions of the stomach is
-cardial part that surround orifice
-fundus is dome shaped region beneath diaphgram
-the body is midpertion
-pyloric part is wider and more superior portion of pyloric region, antrum and narrows pyloric canal in pylorus
Digestive process of the large intestine is that a major function is propulsion of feces to anus and defecation and that is for mass movements force feces toward rectum
Physiology of the kidney
Kidneys are part of the urinary system that also includes
-Ureters is what transports urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder
-Urinary bladder is what temporary storage resvoir for the urine
Glomerulus is tuff capailiaries that are composed of fenestrated endothelium
Glomerular capsule is a cup shaped, hollow structure surrounding glomerulus
There are three major parts and they are
Proximal convoluted tubule which cuboidal cells with dense microvilli that form brush border
Nephron loop us a proximal part of desending limb is continueas with proximal tubule
Distal convolutes tubule is confined to the cortex
-Filter body's entire plasma volume 60 times each day
-Consume 20-25% of oxygen used by the body
Glomerular filtration is to force fluids and solutes through filtration membrane
-Tubular reabsoption is what includes actice and passive tubular reabsorption and by two routes which are transcellullar and paracellular
Tubular secretion is what occurs almost completely in PCT and is re absorption in reverse
Cholecystitis is inflammation of all bladder
Gastroesophageal reflux disease is chronic disease that occurs when esephageal
Inflammatory bowel disease is crenic complex intestinal condition
Peptic ulcers is sores that develop in lining of the stomach
Kidney stones is urine that contains dissolved minerals and salts
Colon diseases is polyps growth
Urinary tract infection is abdominal growth of bacteria
Bladder cancer is when cells of the bladder grow normally
teeth
tongue
gallbladder
digestive glands
Pepsin: Breaks down proteins
Amylase: Found in saliva and begins breakdown of starch
Lipases: Breaks down liqids into fatty acids
Lactase: Breaks down lactose
Sucrase: Break down sucrose
Lacteal: Used for absorption
Trypsin : Breaks down multiple nutrients
Maltase: Breaks down maltose