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Victims, Prevention and Punishment - Coggle Diagram
Victims, Prevention and Punishment
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Victimology Theories
Christie (1986) believes that a 'victim' is a social construct, and that society is more willing to see certain people as victims, e.g. an old man who has had his walking stick stolen
'Positivist victimology' and 'critical victimology' are sociological theories that try to explain how people become victims of crime
'Positivist victimology'
According to Miers (1989), positivist victimology is interested in how some people are more likely to become victims than others - either because of their actions or because of their characterstics
Criticised for 'blaming the victim', they have tended to focus on 'visible' crime, such as reported robberies and assaults - they've been criticised for ignoring issues such as state crime
'Critical Victimology'
Influenced by Marxism and Feminism - it says that groups who're more likely to be oppressed (WC and women) are more likely to be victims
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Surveillance
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Technological surveillance involves screening online communication and phone calls, and collecting personal data
Governments and police use this information to keep track of known criminals and detect criminal or terrorist activity
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Some argue that accessing personal data and online communications gives the government too much power over individuals who haven't committed crime
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Punishment
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The interventionist camp see prison as a deterrent - the very fact it exists should put people off committing crimes
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Some see punishments as a way to rehabilitate criminals - they reform criminals so that they can become respectable members of society when they're released
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