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Social Influence - Coggle Diagram
Social Influence
Obedience
Situational variables
Situational explanations
Dispositional explanations
Conformity
Types and Explanations
Identification:
Publicly changing opinion to fit in with the group
Internalisation:
Changing beliefs in private to actually believe them
Compliance:
Superficial, going along with others in public
Normative and Informative Social Influence
(Deutsch & Gerard)
ISI:
The natural inclination to want to be right, will go along with people who we think know have the right information
NSI:
People want to fit in, and not appear out of place. Emotional process, concerned with group rejection
Asch
(Variables Investigated by Asch)
Unanimity:
Confederate who disagreed with the group (either correct answer or not). Decreased to less than 1/4 of unanimous
AO3:
(Limitation) The tasks were artificial and not representative of how groups function in real life. No real reason to not conform in a simple task
AO3:
(Limitation) The Study was performed on exclusively american men, cannot generalise results. Neto (1995) suggested women were more likely to conform due to concern over social acceptance
AO3:
(Strength) Research support, Lucas et al. (2006) found that participants answering hard maths questions were more likely to conform compared to easy maths questions
Task Difficulty:
Conformity increased as task difficulty did. Due to informational social influence
Group Size:
At 3 confederates conformity rose to 31.8%. Any more showed little sign of increase
Conformity to Social Roles
Zimbardo et al
(1973) took emotionally stable American participants and gave them the role of either prisoner or guard.
Both groups had uniforms and prisoners were addressed by numbers to help them identify with the role, and it created a loss of personal identity (de-individuation). Prisoners could also apply for parole as opposed to leaving the study early.
Findings:
Guards were very harsh towards the prisoners and would reinforce the power they had over them by harassing them for example during frequent headcounts.
Prisoners rebelled, three had to leave early and one went on a hunger strike.
The study ended after 6 days when it was supposed to last 2 weeks
Minority influence
Resistance to social influence