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How Positive Self Referential Words Impact Memory Recall - Coggle Diagram
How Positive Self Referential Words Impact Memory Recall
Experimental Design
Advantages
Cause-and effect: Due to this design manipulating variables, it can help researchers determine whether changes in the independent variable lead to changes in the dependent variable.
High Precision: Uses standardized and precise measurement techniques, allowing for accurate and objective data collection. This increases the confidence and reliability of the measurements and the gathered data.
Disadvantages
More amount of students will be required for an experimental design. Controlling exactly the amount of hours someone is not exactly realistic and is highly subjective due to the possibility of human error.
It’s subject to random errors as several trials were not run. It might not be accurate as the experiment is a self-report by the participant
Observational Design
Advantages
Observational research can be a more cost-effective option because It often requires fewer resources and equipment, therefore making it viable for researchers with limited budgets.
It is a better ethical options because it observes behaviour and doesn’t influence or alter it.
Disadvantages
The spread of data will be low as most students will get the same amount of sleep as the other.
There’s observer bias as the researcher’s interpretations may influence the gathered data.
Researchers have limited control over the variables being investigated and limits their ability to establish a cause and effect connection.
Qualitative Design
Advantages
:Enables the researcher to go deep into the thoughts and concentration providing a rich insight.
Enables flexibility in the ways data can be collected. This can be through open-ended question and behaviours. Allows the researcher to capture the complexity of human experiences.
Disadvantages
Due to the data being descriptive, qualitative research will involve a small sample size. The in-depth exploration of a few cases may not accurately represent the broader population, making it challenging to apply the findings to a larger context.
The research process, including data collection, analysis, and interpretation, can be impacted by the researcher's preconceived conceptions, views, or personal biases.
Variables
IV
Added self Referential imagery to the group of word
Done to identify if self referential imagery words benefit memory recall process
Problems
Sample representativeness: The study's findings may not generalize to the larger population if the sample used in the experiment is not representative of the target population of students
DV
Amount of words Controlled
Advantages: The data can easily be displayed on tables and graphs as the data is easily transferable due to the DV being measured in a numerical way.
Disadvantages: People who have good short term memory will find it easier to memorise the words as there are only 10 words.
As the participants are report the number of words they recall by another participant they don't have the ability to alter their data
CV
Same Number of Participants In Each Group
Allowed the data to be more fair and accurate as the average was taken from the same total amount of people
Person verbally speaking the words was kept the same
Adds an additional element of fairness and leads to increased reliability as every participant was read the words in a similar manner and volume from the same person
Same Amount of Time To Memorise the Words
To maintain consistency and prevent the introduction of additional independent variables and potential data inaccuracies, it was ensured that both groups received an equal amount of time to listen to and write down the words.
EV
Situational Variables: Background noise or someone talking
The performance of the participants can be impacted by this factor, potentially affecting the accuracy of the data in relation to the independent variable.
Constant Variables
The number of words presented to the participants (10 words), The duration of time given to participants to write down the words (1 minute)
The use of a classroom setting to simulate a familiar learning environment
Situational Variables
Depression can lead to a low ability to stay focused and sustain attention based assignments. It can result in a lack of motivation and impact the data as the individual may not be engaged resulting in false data
Ethical Considerations
Informed Consent forms were attached as participants who were younger than 16 years were required to have parent consent whereas students above 16 years had the ability to consent on their own behalfs.
Voluntary participation was emphasized, ensuring that students understood their choice to participate or not, even if they had provided consent.
The right to withdraw was respected, as students were reminded before the experiment began that they had the option to leave if they felt uncomfortable or no longer wanted to participate.