Philosophies that influenced education
Realism
Progressivism emphasizes the value of learning via experience and exploration as opposed to role memorization of information or adherence to a predetermined curriculum. This method places a focus on practical, hands-on learning that aids in the development of learners' critical thinking and problem-solving skills. Additionally, it emphasizes social justice, community, engagement, and democratic principles and encourages students to become engaged citizens who work to better their neighborhoods and advance constructive social change.
Existentialism highlights each student's uniqueness, independence, and responsibility. It encourages students to reflect on the meaning and significance of their lives as well as to create their own distinctive worldviews. This method strongly emphasizes the learner's personal experiences and encourages active participation in their education as opposed to passively receiving knowledge from outside sources.
Constructivism
Constructivism is a theory that states that we are influenced by the ideas,
decisions and the random choices we make in our social life works,
breaking the rules that define how we live and see life, creating it to our
best suitable way of understanding it more of reconstructing on
something/information that is already there a simple example: the traffic
lights who said red should be for 'stop' and green for 'go' what if one
decides to say green is for 'stop' and red is for 'go' , well that person would
have have applied the rule of constructivism, so thus breaking this kind of
rules and restructuring your own ideas and understanding to what they
mean to you and in your own way.
In education.
In educational sense constructivism may be view as a theory that states
that knowledge is built upon other knowledge with the pre-existing
knowledge modified this is considered as the basic principle in
constructivism, as we learn from what we already know or have been
taught, in the past or previous knowledge,
educational
, past or present experience,
beliefs and insights each learner has a unique experience they have come
in contact with, therefore allowing them to express their unique ideas
trough the construction of own information in a way of practicing constructivism.
realism hold that reality exists outside of the mind and is perceivable through the senses. Realists hold that observation and experience, not hypothesis or conjecture, should be used to gain knowledge. enhances critical thinking and problem-solving abilities.
Essentialism aims to highlight the value of traditional academic subjects and place a strong emphasis on fundamental abilities like reading, writing, and mathematics. This will provide students with a strong foundation of knowledge and abilities that they can draw upon throughout their lives, regardless of the career paths they choose.