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Digestive and Urinary System Jazlynn Banuelos P.3 - Coggle Diagram
Digestive and Urinary System Jazlynn Banuelos P.3
Digestive System
Major Organs/Functions
Stomach
Location
J-shped muscular organ in upper left abdominal quadrant
Function
takes in food from the esophagus (gullet or food pipe), mixes it, breaks it down, and then passes it on to the small intestine in small portions.
Structure
Fundus
small rounded, superior to the cardia
Body Region
main portion, between the fundus and pylorus
Cardiac
small region near the opening to the esophagus
Small Intestine
Location
Runs from stomach to the large intestine
Function
Receives chyme from the stomach, receives pancreatic juice from pancreas & bile from liver & gallbladder, finishes digestion, absorbs digestive end products and transports the remaining reside to large intestine.
Structure
Duodenum
Shortest & most fixed portion; stomach empties chyme into duodenum
Jejunum
Makes up proximal 2.5 of intestine, slightly larger diameter than ileum, more active
Ileum
Most distal portion
Inner wall lined with villi
Esophagus
Location
Muscular tube leading from pharynx to the stomach
Function
allow for the passage of material from the mouth and throat to the stomach
Large Intestine
Location
Begins lower right portion of abdominal cavity at cecum, ascends right, then crosses to the left side & decsends, opens to outside of body as anus
Structure
Cecum
Puch at the beginning with the appendix projecting downward
Colon
Ascending, transverse, descending & sigmoid regions
Function
Absorbs water and elecrtolytes, synthesizes vitamins, secretes mucus to help pass remaining chyme along the large intestine
Mouth
Function
Receives food & begins mechanical digestion by mastication
Location
Surrounded by lips cheeks, tongue and palate
Pharynx
Location
Cavity lying posterior to the mouth
Function
receiving air from the nasal cavity and air, food, and water from the oral cavity.
Structure
Connects the nasal cavity and oral cavities with the larynx and esophagus, divided into 3 portions (Nasopharynx, Oropharynx, Laryngopharynx)
Rectum
Function
holding area for the stool
between the sigma and the anal canal.
Anus
Location
End of large intestine opening to the outside
Function
facilitates bowel movements
Urinary System
Major Organs/Functions
Urethra
Location
Function
Allows urine to pass to outside the body
Structure
Kidneys
Location
Function
Cleanse blood of toxins and transform waste into urine
Structure
Ureters
Location
Leads from kidenys to urinary bladder
Function
carries urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder
Structure
Urinary Bladder
Function
Stores urine before it leaves the body
Location
A muscular sac in the pelvis, above and behind
Structure
Digestive Enzymes
Layers of GI Tract
Nephron Anatomy and Physiology
Disorders
Peptic Ulcers
Sores that develop in the lining of the stomach or the duodenum
Colon Diseases
Hemorrhoids
Inflammed veins in the rectum or anus
Diverticulitits
Pouches form on the wall of the colon
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)
Inflammation of the intestinal lining includes Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis
Bladder Cancer
When cells of the bladder grow abnormally
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
Stomach contents leak back up through the esophagus
Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
Abnormal growth of bacteria anywhere along the urinary tract combined with symptoms
Cystitis, urethritis and pyelonephritis
(other names)
Cholecystitis
An inflammation of the gall bladder
Kidney Stones
When urine has high levels of minerals and salts, hard stones can form.
Digestion and Absorption Locations