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injury prevention, responding to injuries and medical conditions in sport …
injury prevention, responding to injuries and medical conditions in sport
intrinsic factors
individual variables
previous injury
- an athlete should never return to training after an injury until declared fit
- injuries can cause a loss of connective tissue strength, imbalance between muscle groups, decreased joint stability etc
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age
- increases injury risk as bone tissue loses strength and as connective tissue suffer overuse, wear and tear they become more prone to injury
nutrition
- is important for injury prevention and recovery
- protein for growth and repair of cells and tissues
- carbs for energy production to reduce the onset of fatigue
- fats for protection and cushioning
- vitamins and minerals for bone growth and repair
training effects
poor preparation
- increase the risk of injury
- running a marathon without the appropriate training will result in catastrophic injury
inadequate fitness level
- if the intensity, duration or frequency of training or ability of opponents are too high it can lead to injury
- early fatigue can lead to a poor technique, wrong decisions and a drop in performance
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extrinsic factors
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inappropriate intensity, duration or frequency of activity
SALTAPS
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L - look = search for specific signs such as bruising, swelling, broken skin etc
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A - active movement = ask the player whether they can move the injured area through its full range of motion
P - passive movement = if there is active movement, gently move the injured area through its full range of motion
S - strength testing = ask the player to stand, lift or put pressure on the injured area if they can
PRICE
Protection = protect the injury and the person from any further damage
- stop playing and use padding, splints or crutches to get them off the field of play
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Ice = apply ice indirectly to the skin to reduce inflammation and pain
- 10 mins of application repeated after 1 hours break
Compression = compressing the injury with tear tape or stretching bandages will help to reduce the swelling
- monitor the tightness of the compression
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Six R's
Recognise = parents, players, coaches and officials should all be aware of the signs and symptoms of concussion
Remove = if a player has concussion or suspected concussion, they must be removed from the field of play immediately
Refer = if removed from the field of play, the player should be referred immediately to a qualified healthcare professional who is trained in treating concussion
Rest = players must rest from exercise until they are symptom free and not be left on their own for the first 24 hours
Recover = players must full recover and be symptom free before considering to play
- adults must take at least a week and under 18's two weeks before seeking authorised return from a professional
Return = to complete a safe return the player must be symptom free, have written authorisation and complete a protocol