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Socialist Thinkers, Marx & Engels believed after the revolution, there…
Socialist Thinkers
State
Disagreement
Revolutionary socialists - state as a tool of the bourgeoisie
- reinforcing inequality & selfishness of capitalism
- argue state can't be reformed
- only a revolution will ensure communist society
Evolutionary socialists say state can remodel society w/o revolution, BUT disagreement exists over how state should reform society & economy
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Society
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Agreement
Society should be based on equality - this ensures economic fairness, reinforces collectivism
Economy
Disagreement
Revolutionary socialists - capitalism & property rights will be overthrown and replaced by common ownership
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Marx & Engels believed after the revolution, there would be a period of transition in which the state will wither away and a stateless communist society will emerge
Luxemburg disagreed with Marx & Engels, arguing that capitalist state should be replaced by socialist state with democratic elections & free speech
Webb argued that state should be reformed via parliamentary democracy (gradually instigating socialist reform)
State would bring economy under common ownership = steering society to socialism
Social democracy says state should play a role in managing economy (using Keynesian economics to manage growth & ensure employment)