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Language, Exchange, predicting - Coggle Diagram
Language
Spoken
Brown and Yule
Spoken language
primarily interactional use
Establishment and maintenance
human relationship
speaker
available to him
voice quality effects
facial expressions
postural
gestural systems
control
production
communicative systems
transitory
less organized
use
interactive manners
planning fillers
utterances
spoken
largely informal
related to the context
McArthy
Adjacency Pairs
Determined by
Role
Setting
Types
Ritualised pair-parts
Different second parts
First parts
Various possibilities
Expectations
Pairs of utterances
Dependance
Function
First part
Response
Second part
Refusal
Appreciation
Softener
Reason
Face-saver
Disagreement
Partial Agreement
Manifestations of Discourse
Types of Speech
Teachers choice
From small units to larger ones
Phone calls
Service encounters
Interviews
Classroom
Rituals
Faith expressions
Monologues
Language in action
Everyday conversation
Transaction
Turn-taking
Speakers
Choice
Nomination
Turns occur
Smoothly
No interruptions
Brief silences
specific awareness
Body language
Dropping pitch
Non-selection
Turns occur
Self-selection
Phrases for interruption
Complete overlap prediction
Listeners
Attentive to
Syntactic completeness
Clues in pitch level
End of turn indicators
Transactions and Topics
Transactions
Boundary markers
Right now
Now
So
Ok
Marking out in conversation
Openings
Closings
Longer stretches of talk management
Topics
Conversations or spoken language
Based on
Everyday life topics
Transaction markers
Titles
Subtopics
Subject - part of a topic
Primarily interactional use
To fulfil an objective
Use of Utterances
Written
Brown and Yule
Written language
paralinguistic cues
denied
writer
monitor
edit
content of the text
disadvantage
no access to immediate feedback
storage function
permits communication
over time
permanent
transference of information
shifts language
Oral
to visual domain
richly organized
Contains
densely packed information
primarily transactional use
Sentences
written
usually formal
Mcarthy
Speech and writing
dependent on the context
shared knowledge
reader
writer
Written language
focus on
message
Unit
sentences
grammatical and orthographic unit
larger and more complex stractures
clauses
functional segments
from phrasal to paragraph lenght
correct use of conjunctions
patterns with no fixed size
role of receivers
reader
active role in
communicative situations
listener
grammar
important role
cohesion
coherence
syntax
word order
Exchange
Adjacency pairing as
Move
Initiation
Response
Follow up
Act
Independently observable entities
predicting
what it is to come
in terms of
next few words
larger patters