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Kingdom Plantae - Coggle Diagram
Kingdom Plantae
Division Bryophata
(MOSSES)
structure
lack true:
roots
stems
leaves
vascular tissue
support = by turgor
restricts size of plant
rhizoids
filamentous structures
anchor moss into ground
not true roots - unable penetrate into surface
don't uptake water
water + minerals gained
over plant surface
leaf-like structure
no cuticle or stomata
limited ability reduce water loss
end of thin stalk = SPORE CAPSULE
raised above ground = cuticle + stomata
due to drier air
produces + releases spores
dispersed by wind
grow in
DAMP
HABITATS
spores only germinate in moist conditions
otherwise would desiccate
reproduce -
SPORES
True Plants
multicellular
eukaryotic cells
cellulose cell walls
chlorophyll in chloroplasts
can photosynthesise
Division Tracheophyta
Sub-division Pteridophyta
(FERNS)
structure
have true:
roots
stems
leaves
leaves subdivided into
PINNAE
then into
PINNULES
vascular tissue (xylem + phloem)
water + ion transport
organic nutrient transport
allow ferns grow
LARGE
size
support =
turgor
xylem cells thickened by lignin
waterproof cuticle + stomata
on leaves
fine control water loss
rhizome stem run HORIZONTALLY underground
only leaves extend above ground
grow in
DRIER AREAS
presence of stomata + cuticle
ferns disperse
spores
-
germinate in damp conditions
(not highly resistant to desiccation)
Sub-division Spermatophyta
(FLOWERING PLANTS)
structure
have true:
roots
stems
leaves
leaves
waterproof cuticle
stomata
vascular tissue
highly developed
roots
penetrate deep into ground
obtain water + mineral ions
trunk of tree = woody xylem
plants reach great height
obtain more light
reproduction
flowers
& produce seeds
male gamete (pollen) fertilises
female gamete (ovule)
SEED FORMED
seed dispersed
wind
water
ingestion bird/animal
explosive mechanisms
dispersed into hostile environment
remain dormant for decades
until conditions suitable to germinate
well adapted - live in
TERRESTRIAL HABITATS
complex root system
extensive xylem - support
ADAPTED
for every habitat
hydrophytes (live permanently in water)
xerophytes (live extremely arid conditions)
vascular plants
vascular system - xylem + phloem