structues

solid structures

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centre of gravity

Reinforcing is to maske a roof of a structure

strengthening structures

the triangultion is the only polygon tahtb does not change shape .when a force is exerted on it, theforce spreads aover all the three sides,so that it remains solid and rigid this unqiue stabilty makes the trainge very stable and goo for cpnstruction

There are always forces that are exerted on structures.

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foundations

gravity and the heavy load of the structure push downwards

materials used in structures

centre of gravity

the strengths of building materials depends on how they are used.
or
rolling paper can increase its stiffness. Building materials can be made in the same
way.
Corrugated roofs are an example of pleating and pipes are an example of tubing.
Tubing is used where stiffness and strength are required, as tubing can withstand.pleating,folding

Struts can resist forces pushing down.
struts are between beams on bridges.

These are either push or pull forces

Because of these forces, structures need to be strengthened, so they don’t fall over

Membranes are used to protect something that is below it

and the ground pushes back up

and air movements push from the side

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A foundation spreads the load into the surrounding
ground material and can help balance the wind force from the sides.

Reinforcing structures

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The size of the
foundation depends on the strength of the supporting ground.