Leads to economic impacts, people dies or moving lessens the economic abiliy of a country (Monserrat)

Short run impacts and long run impacts, deaths and loosing homes is short run but PTSD and trauma are long term

Lessens their ability to respond post event, if an economy is heavily damaged after an event it will decrease the amout of money a government has to spend on recovery

Infrastrucutre damage destroys long term growth, Haiti has more than 90% of debris uncleared after 10 years and killed FDI

Worse economic development makes social imapcts worse, Japan 2011 forced 15 ports to close and reduced supplies of gas and electricity

Social perceptions of a place are damaged after an earthquake, fewer tourists, especially bad for countries that depend on tourist, Turkey

Pinatubo - 1.2 million lost their homes and had to migrate to Manilla

Displaced people places additonal strain on services, people moving to Manilla after Pinatubo

Japanese ports and japan was very exort and import dependent

Tourism suffered in Pinatubo after erruption, cost and lost economic potential = $7bn

Lahars caused errosion of river banks and flooding, causig bridges to collapse.

Ash falls and lahars destroyed 700km2 of forrest and agricultrual land

Leads to economic impacts, destruction of farmlands (pinatub)

Japan 2011 - 5 million tonnes of waste created, mainly plastic, and much ended up getting washed into the ocean

Pinatubo - Ash clouds in the atmosphere lead to global temperatures falling by 0.5 degrees. 20 million tonnes of sulphur dioxoide released into the atmosphere

Can be on a larger spacial scale, Pintatubo erruption lead to a change in all global temperatures

Due to globalisation, economic impacts can have economic impacts in other countries arround the world, Japan 2011 port clossures caused supply chain problems in the automotive and electornic industry

Mt St Helens - 185 miles of highway was destroyed, ruined cars and machineary cost the agri industry $100m. Tourism and logging industries were damaged

Ice on the top of the volcano melted and caused the water to unstabilise slope, large mudflows and flooding (lahars)

Lahars got into lakes and killed much of the life, 12 million fish

Damage to enviroments and ecosystems often takes a long time to rebound and recover