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BACKGROUND TO THE SOVIET REVOLUTION, image, image, image, image, image -…
BACKGROUND TO THE SOVIET REVOLUTION
TSARIST RUSSIA
Russian Empire
Around 150 million inhabitants
Economy
Based on agriculture
Beginning to develop industrially
Poverty was widespread
General standard of living
Was low
Autocratic monarchy
Tsar
An absolute ruler
Political opposition
Russian Social-Democratic Workers’ Party
Marxist-inspired
The working class
Should carry out a revolution
To eliminate injustice and inequality
Split into two groups
Bolsheviks
Defended the seizure of power
By a committed working-class minority
Leader
Vladimir Lenin
Mensheviks
More moderate
Favoured an alliance
With reformist liberalism
Leader
Julius Martov
Grigori Rasputin
A mystic
Cured the tsar’s eldest son
Came to have
A big religious influence
On the tsarina
He was accused of
Manipulating the appointment
Of government positions
Being a German spy
Influencing the tsarina
In favour of the Germans
He was assassinated
FROM THE REVOLUTION OF 1905 TO THE GREAT WAR
Russo-Japanese War
Russia was defeated
The weakness
Of the tsarist regime
Was revealed
Revolution
To take power
Repressed thousands of demonstrators
Bloody Sunday
The Soviet
Consisted of
Workers, peasants and soldiers
Reforms
Creation of the Duma
National Legislative Assembly
The equivalent of a parliament
Controlled by the tsar
An agrarian reform
Distribution of lands
The project was cancelled
Establishment of
Limited individual and citizens’ liberties
World War I began
Tsar Nicholas II
Took control of the army
Couldn't prevent
The collapse of the front
The breakdown of civil power
Demoralisation
New revolutionary outburst
Trans-Siberian Railroad
Connected the European part
With the most remote regions
