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pathogenesis routes of virus entry into the host, pathology by viruses,…

- - - - have entry receptors
    - - appropriate host factors
      - appropriate cell type
- - - - immune cells
      - CNS
      - blood circulation
      - lymphatic system
  - - - allows higher viral titres and further diseemination to other sites
      - may occur following replication in secondary sites
    - - free in serum
      - cell-associated eg. macrophages and lymphocytes
    - - spready by blood circulation
- - - - visible dmg
      - cell death/cytocidal
      - synccytia formation
      - inclusion bodies
    - - stimulates cell cycle in neighbouring cells
      - makes them ideal for infecting
    - - intergration into DNA
      - tumour formation
      - virus can secrete something that prevents cell death --> uncontrolled growth
      - by retroviruses
        
        insetional mutagenesis --> upregulates growth
        
        viral oncogene expression (changes genes that are expressed in a cell)
  - - - when immune system does more harm than good
      - cytokine storm
    - - necessary for recovery
      - but can damage host
      - clinical signs are often consequence of immune response
- - - - virus replicates at immune priviledge sites
      - no replication going on
      - limited recognition of molecules
    - - waits for immunosuppression
      - intermittent shedding, episodes of recurring disease