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Digestive & Urinary System - Coggle Diagram
Digestive & Urinary System
Major functions of the digestive system
Digestion
Mechanical and chemical breakdown of foods and absorption of nutrients
The digestive system carries out the process of digestive
Mechanical digestion
Breaks down large pieces of food into smaller one: chemical composition is not changed by this process
Chemical digestion
breaks down large nutrient molecules into smaller chemicals, by breaking chemical bonds
Major functions of the urinary system
Filters salts and wastes from the blood
Helps maintain normal concentration of electrolytes and water
Regulates pH and body fluid volume
Helps control red blood cell production and blood pressure
Organs of the Urinary System
Kidneys filters the blood
Ureters transport urine from kidneys to bladder
Urinary bladder stores urine
Urethra conveys urine to the outside of the body
Major organs of the digestive system
Pharynx(throat)
Cavity lying posterior to the mouth
Esophagus
Muscular tube leading from paryanx to stomach
Structure of pharymx
connects the nasal and oral cavities with the larrynx and esophagus
3 portions
Nasopharynx
top portion, air passage behind nasal cavity
Oropharynx
Oropharynx middle portion, passageway for food and air
Laryngopharnx
bottom portion, passage to esophagus
Major organs of the urinary systems
Kidneys
filters the blood
Ureters
transport urine from kidneys to bladder
Urinary bladder
Urinary bladder stores urine
Urethra
Urethra conveys urine to the outside of the body
Digestive enzymes (including names and functions)
Enzymes
Secreted by epithelial cells of the mucosa, and embedded in their microvili
Peptides
Breakdown dipeptides to amino acids
Sucase, maltase, and lactase
breakdown disaccharidies to monosacchanrides
Intestinal lipase
breaks down triglycerides to fatty acids and glycerol
Location of digestion and absorption of each macromolecule
Macromolecules
Proteins
Stomach and small intestine
Nucleic acids
Small intestines
Carbohydrates
Oral cavity and small intestine
Lipids
Oral cavity, stomach, and small intestines
Layers of the GI tract (including stomach)
Mucosa
submucosa
muscularis mucosa (muscular layer)
Serous layer (serosa).
Nephron anatomy and physiology
Nephron
The main components of Nephron is glomerlus the Bowman's capsule or glomerular capsule, the proximal convoluted tubule, the loop of Henle, and the distal convoluted tubule
Disorders of the digestive and urinary systems
Cholecystis
an inflammation of the gall bladder
gastroesophageal reflux Disease(GERD)
A chronic disease that occurs when the esohagus sphicter relaxes, allowing the contents of the stomach to move back into the esophagus
inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)
A chronic complex intestinal condition that causes inflammation in the digestive tract. includes crohn´s disease and ulcertrative colitis
Peptic Ulcers
Sores that develop in the lining of the stomach or the duodenum
bladder cancer
body cells of the bladder growing out of control
Urinary tract infection(UTI)
very common in women.
Kidney stones
When urine has high levels of minerals and salt, hard stones can form