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Cell injury 5, amyloidosis, hypplasia - Coggle Diagram
Cell injury 5
Cellular adaptations
hyper trophy
def
:arrow_upper_right: cell size
physiological
Estrogen
uterus myometrium in Pregnancy
workload
heart
no proliferation
skeletal muscles
Pathological
pyloric stenosis
stomach
hypertension
heart
-ve
functional injury
limitation
cause
Mitochondria
Vasculature
contractile proteins
cytoskeletal elements
results
degeneration
:red_cross:contractile elements
ventricular dilation
heart failure
Atrophy
def
:arrow_lower_right:nom
:arrow_lower_right:size
physio
menopause
ovary
senile atrophy of geriatrics
after labor
uterus involution
patho
Decreased work load
Starvation
Neuropathic
poliomyelitis
Pressure
Ischemic
atherosclerosis
-ve
diminished function.
Metaplasia
def
reversible change of adult cell type
reprogramming of stem cells
patho
urinary bladder
Transitional
bilharziasis or stones
squamous
gall bladder
Columnar
stones or inflammation
Uterus
glandular
HPV
respiratory
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar
smoking
Barrett's esophagus
squamous
stress
columnar mucous producing
-ve
:red_cross:protective mehcanisms
malignant transformation
Hyperplasia
def
:arrow_upper_right:number of cells
physiological
Hormonal
puberty and pregnancy
breast
uterus endometrium
functional demands
partial hepatectomy
hepatocytes
Patho
Hyperestrinism
endometrium
androgen and estrogen
Senile prostatic
-ve
cancer
amyloidosis
Chemical
95%
fibrillar proteins.
5%
glycoproteins.
types
liver
Amyloid associated
AA
immunocyte
Amyloid light chain
AL
Ig light chain
transthyretin,
B2-amyloid proteins.
B2-microglobulin
morphology
gross
Homogenous,
• semitranslucent,
• pale, waxy, gray
iodine
brown
sulphuric acid
bluish violet
firm + sharp boarder + :arrow_upper_right:size
atrophy
:arrow_lower_right:size
micro
H&E
eosinophilic
homogeneous, structureless, hyaline
Methyl violet
pink
Immunohistochemistry
brown
Congo red
positive
polarising microscopy
apple-green birefringence
Classification
Localized
Endocrine
Localized organ
AL
Aging
cerebral
cardiac
Generalized
Hemodialysis
Secondary
site
L.Ns,
adrenals
spleen,
liver,
kidneys,
thyroid.
causes
chronic inflammatory
Granulomatous
tuberculosis,
leprosy.
connective tissue
ankylosing spondylitis
Rheumatoid arthritis
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD).
Pyogenic infections
abscess,
bronchiectasis
suppurative osteomyelitis.
neoplasms
Hodgkin's lymphoma (H.D)
renal cell carcinoma
Pathogenesis:
tissue destruction
cytokines
liver
amyloid associated protein
monocyte enzyme defect
1 more item...
Heredofamilial
Primary
Pathogenisis
:arrow_upper_left:Ig production
AL
degradation:arrow_lower_right:
cause
5-15%
B-cell lymphoma.
plasma cell myeloma
monoclonal Igs
site
tongue.
skin
peripheral nerves,
G.I.T,
kidney,
heart,
effects
blood vessels
narrowing
&increased permeability
adjacent cells
Diagnosis
Renal, rectal, gingival, abdominal fat
congo red :red_circle:
serum & urine
electrophoresis
Prognosis:
Better :smiley:
secondary
poor :frowning_face:
systemic
multiple myeloma
def
cause extracellular deposition of fibrillar insoluble proteinaceous substance
hypplasia
aplasia
failure of development (bone marrow
agenesis
not created (solitarily kidney)
not reaching normal size dt embryonic abnormality
