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Streetcar theories - Coggle Diagram
Streetcar theories
Speech acts, Searle 1975
Directives: Commands, requests or advice such as 'Don't forget to do your homework'
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Expressive: Shows the speakers emotions and attitudes such as 'I'm really sorry that I missed your birthday'
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Beatties speaker switch
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Simple interruption: The exchange of speech, the first speakers sentence remains unfinished
Overlap: Exchanges speech, and simultaneous speech present, but the first speaker reaches verbal completion
Smooth speaker switch: An exchange of speech, no simultaneous speech, each speaker reaches verbal completion
Grice's maxims
Maxim of manner: Speech that is brief, orderly, organised, and concise.
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Politeness theory, Brown and Levinson 1987
Positive politeness: Seen in groups of friends/ familiar relations. Hedging opinion, avoiding disagreement and assume agreement, attend to listener
Negative politeness: The assumption that you're imposing on the hearer, and intruding on their space. Forgiveness
Bald off record: Removing yourself from any imposition or blame. Give hints, be vague, be sarcastic or make jokes.
Bald on record: These provide no effort to not insult someone. To shock, embarrass, or because the speakers are close
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Speech acts, Austin 1962
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Locutionary - the performance of the speech, the basic meaning of whats been said
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Accommodation theory, Howard
and Giles 1971
Divergence: Purposefully moving your language away from the person you're talking to, creating distance. Language can be moved upwards or downwards
Convergane: Adjusting your register/language to match someone else. Language can be moved upwards, downwards or mutual