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Digestive & Urinary System Victoria Sanchez Period 2 - Coggle Diagram
Digestive & Urinary System Victoria Sanchez Period 2
Major Functions of the Digestive System
4 main functions
Break down food into nutrients
Absorb nutrients to bloodstream
Take in food ( Ingestion )
Excrete indegestiables
Major Functions of the Urinary System
7 main functions
Excretes toxins, wastes, etc
Produces RBC/ regulates renin and BP
Ensures long-term acid based balance
Activates vitamin D
Reg. ion concentrations in ECF
IF NEEDED
*
carries out gluconeogeneis
Reg. H20/total solute concentrations
Major Organs of the Digestive System
8 main organs
Stomach
F : contracts, relaxes, and produces acid to break down food
L : upper abdomen
Small Intestine
F : helps further digest food coming from tomach
L : coiled by the large intestine
Esophagus
F : contracts as it moves food to stomach
L : muscular tube that connects from pharynx to stomach
Large Intestine
F : absorbs H20, produces/absorbs vitamins
L : connected to the small intestine
Pharynx
F : permits passageway of swallowed fluids and solids into esophagus
L : from mouth and nose to esophagus and larynx
Rectum
F : receives wastes from colon and stores it until passed to anus
L : lower part of large intestine
Mouth
F : moistens food so it moves more easily through your esophagus into your stomach.
L : first part of digestive tract
Anus
F : where stool comes out from
L : end of rectum
Major Organs of the Urinary System
4 main organs
Ureters
Tubes from kidney to bladder
Urinary Bladder
temporary urine storage
Collapses ( contracts ) to empty
Relaxes to fill
Kidney
3 regions
Renal Medulla
Papilla; points internally
Base of pyramidal cortex
Lobe; 8 per kidney ( 2 kidneys
Renal Pelvis
Funnel shaped continuous with ureters
Renal Pyramid > minor calyx > major calyx > renal pelvis > ureter
Renal Cortex
Grandular shaped
Superior part of kidney
Urethra
Excretes wastes from urinary bladder
Digestive Enzymes
4 main enzymes
Proteases
F : break down proteins into amino acids.
cell division
immune funcitoning
blood clotting
Lipases
Nucleases
F : helps DNA/RNA
F : responsible for the breakdown of fats into fatty acids and glycerol
P : produced in small amounts by mouth, stomach, and larger amounts by your pancreas.
Carbohydrates
F : breaks down starches into sugar
produces energy that is released from our body later on
absorbed into the small intestine
Location of Digestion and Absorption of each Macromolecule
Protein
L : small intestine / stomach
A : body's ability to break down the animal or plant protein sources you ingest into individual building blocks
AKA AMINO ACIDS
Nucleic Acids
L : small intestine
A : promoting glucose
Carbohydrates
L : oral cavity / small intestine
A : Breakdown of complex carbohydrates by salivary and gastric enzymes
Lipids
L : oral cavity
Layers of the GI Tract
4 layers
Intermuscular Space
Submucosa
INNER CIRCULAR LAYER
Serosa
lamina propria
muscular mucosae
epithelium
OUTERMOST LAYER
Mucosa
INNERMOST LAYER
Disorders of the Digestive and Urinary System
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
S : abdominal pain, bloating, constipation
T : managing lifestyle/ diets
D : an intestinal disorder causing pain in the belly, gas, diarrhea, and constipation.
Lactose Intolerance
D : inability to fully digest sugar (lactose) in dairy products.
S : diarrehea, bloating
T : abstinence
Urinary Tract Infections
S : pelvic pain, burning, blood in urine
T : antibiotics, over-counter medications
D : infection in any part of the urinary system, the kidneys, bladder, or urethra.
Kidney Stones
S : severe pain, bloody urine/stool, nausea
T : medical procedures
D : small, hard deposit that forms in the kidneys and is often painful when passed.