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Cells and control I - Coggle Diagram
Cells and control I
Stem cells
Cells in an embryo are unspecialised. They divide to produce all specialised cells in the body. Once the cells have differentiated they cannot divide to produce other kinds of cell
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Embryonic stem cells
Taken from embryos at a very early stage of division, can differentiate into any type of cell in the body
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Adult stem cells
Adult stem cells are found in differentiated tissue, such as bone or skin - they divide to replace damaged cells
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Plants
Plants have meristems that are found in rapidly growing parts of the plant, these cells can divide to produce any kind of plant cell
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Benefits
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Unwanted enbryos from fertility clinics could be used, which would otherwise be discarded
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Mitosis
Genetic information
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Body cells normall have 2 copies of each chromosome, diploid
Stages
1) Interphase - before division, the cell has to grow and increase the amount of mitochondria and ribosomes. DNA is replicated
2) Prophase - Chromosomes condense, cell membrane breaks down. The chromosomes lie free in the cytoplasm
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4) Anaphase - Chromatids seperate and the Spindle fibres pull one chromatid from each pair is pull the poles of the cell
5) Telophase- Membranes form around the chromosomes, becomes the nucleus and spindle fibres break down
6) Cytokineses: Before telophase ends, cytoplasm and the membrane divide, forming 2 new genetically identical cells
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