Kayla Rodriguez P.3 Urinary and Digestive Systems

Layers of GI tract

Functions of Digestive System

Location of Digestion and absorption of each macromolecule

Digestive Enzymes

Nephron anatomy and Physiology

Disorders of Digestive and Urinary systems

Organs of Digestive System

Organs of Urinary System

Functions of Urinary System

Breaks down food and absorption of nutrients

Mechanical: break down of large pieces of food into smaller ones

Chemical: breaks down large nutrients molecules into smaller chemicals by breaking the chemical bonds.

filters salt and waste from blood

helps maintain normal concentrations of electrolytes and water production and blood fluid volume

helps control red blood cell production and blood pressure

kidneys

urinary bladder

ureters

esophagus

stomach

Pharynx

Tongue

Mouth

Teeth

Large Intestine

Salivary glands

Small intestine

Pancreas

palate

liver

Gallbladder

Submucosa

Muscularis

Mucosa

Serosa

Glomerular Filtration

Tubular reabsorption

Tubular secretion

Nephrons is a functional unit of the Kidney that can produce urine independently

Salivary amylase

pepsin

Pancreatic amalyse

Pancreatic lipase

trypsin

nucleases

peptidose

intestinal lipase

enterokinose

regulates the volume, composition and PH of body fluids.

removes metabolic wastes from the blood in the process forming urine

Urethra

helps control the rate of RBC formations

it acts as a one-way valve and transports the urine to the bladder

it stores the urine and excretes it to the urethra

it transports the urine outside of the body

inner layer of the wall

protects the tissues of canals

lies under the mucosa

nourishes the surrounding layers of the canal

inner circular layer & outer longitudinal layer

propels food through the canal

outer serous layer of visceral peritonieum

protects underlying tissues and secretes fluid to reduce friction between organs

process of useful filtration substances are transported from filtrate to the blood

proximal convoluted tubule is where reabsorption occurs

process with additional wastes from blood are moved from the peritubular capillaries into the renal tubule

reverse of tubular reabsorption

wastes and large molecules join forming of urine

filters water and small substances from blood plasma & transports it into the glomerus capsule

receives food and starts mechanical digestion by chewing

surface has projections called papillae, which provides friction for moving food in the mouth

break down the food into smaller pieces

secretes saliva which moistens and dissolves food particles, binds them together and helps to cleanse the mouth, teeth, and begin carbohydrates

it prevents reflux of air and liquids into the nasopharynx during speech and swallowing

transports food entering the mouth through the throat and into the stomach

in takes in food from the esophagus

it breaks it down with acids and passes it to the small intestine

Receives enzyme from the stomach

absorbs electrolytes & water

Has important bacteria

Producing and absorbing vitamins

Takes the feces to the rectum

absorbs and digestive end products

receives pancreatic juices and bile

absorbs nutrient s and extracts water that arrives as chyme

transports the remaining wastes to the large intestine

makes pancreatic juices

makes hormones

maintains proper blood concentrations of glucose and other nutrients

stores glycogen, vitamins, iron

synthesizes proteins, cholestrol

filters blood by removing damaged RBC's and foreign substances

stores bile

carries air, fluid, food, and fluid from the nose and mouth

begins carbohydrates digestion by breaking down starch

begins protein digestion

breaks down starch into disaccharides

breaks down fats into fatty acids and glycerol

breaks down proteins or portially digested proteins into peptides

breaks down nucleic acids into nuleotides

breaks down peptides into amino acids

breaks down fats into fatty acids and glycerol

converts trypsinogen into trypsin

lipids

proteins

Carbohydrates

nucleic acids

in stomach and intestine

mouth, stomach, small intestine

mouth and small intestine

in small intestine

Colorectal cancer

Bladder Cancer

Peptic

Urinary tract Infection

Inflammatory Bowel disease

Kidney stones

Gastrosophageal Reflux disease

Cholecytisis