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English intonation, LLe 02-20 Anna Muzalova - Coggle Diagram
English intonation
Functions (by Crystal)
Emotional
Grammatical
Information structure
Textual
Psychological
Indexical
Speech melody
The intonation components: range, interval, rate of tone change
The pitch level: high, medium, low
The pitch range: wide, medium/normal, narrow
The rate of tone movement changes: fast, moderate, slow
The tonal interval: positive (wide, mid, narrow), negative (wide, mid, narrow), zero
Functions (by Peter Roach)
Attitudinal
Accentual
Grammatical
Discourse
Utterance stress
The intonation components: nuclear, non-nuclear, partial, weak
Functions
Constitutive
Distinctive
Identificatory
The sybsystem
Nuclear stress
Non-nuclear full stress
Partial stress
Weak stress
Pausation
The intonation components: silent, short, long, extra-long, pauses of perception, filled/voiced
Functions
Delimitative
Constitutive
Attitudinal
Types
Silent pauses
Pauses of perception
Voiced/Filled/Hesitation pauses
Tempo
The intonation components: rapid (fast), accelerated, moderate, decelerated, slow
Types: normal speech/moderate rate, fast speech/allegro, slow speech/lento
Timbre
The intonation components: universal, national, individual, acquired, linguistic
Types: whispery, soft, breathy, creaky, harsh, neutral (or modal, or normal), falsetto, resonant voices
Rhythm
The intonation components: simple, compound
Loudness
The intonation components: high, increased, moderate, decreased, low/soft
Intonation pattern
Intonation group(s)
Pre-nuclear part
Pre-head: Low, High
Head
According to the direction of the pitch movement: the Descending scale, the Ascending scale, the Level scale
According to the regularity of their pitch movements: Regular scale, Broken scale
According to the arrangement of unstressed syllables within stress-tone groups: Stepping scale, Scandent scale, Sliding scale
Types: a descending type, an ascending part, a level type
Terminal part
Nuclear tone(s)
Falling tones: the Low Fall, the High Fall, the Rise Fall
Rising tones: the Low Rise, the High Rise, the Fall Rise (the Low Fall-Low Rise, the High Fall-Low Rise)
Level tones: the Mid-level
Tail
LLe 02-20 Anna Muzalova