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Populations - Coggle Diagram

- - - - 2 ways ENTER population
        
        2 ways LEAVE pop
- - - - oscillating growth curves
        
        consequence of predator-prey inter.
        
        alternating peaks + troughs
      - features
        
        PREDATOR peaks + troughs
        
        lag behind prey
        
        time lad depends on rate+time in which predator reproduce
        
        LENGTH prey cycle similar to LENGTH predator cycle
        
        no. PREDATORS largely lower
        than no. PREY @ same time
      - P-P relationship unlikely like in diagram
        
        predator rarely relies on 1 prey species
        
        growth curve usually
        
        smoother
        
        & less direct correlation between 1 prey+1predator
  - - - examples
        
        flea
        
        human tapeworm
        
        malarial parasite
        (transferred by female mosquitoes)
      - not restricted to animal kingdom
        
        can be...
        
        fungal = tar spot fungus affecting sycamore + mistletoe
    - - lives in/on
        host
      - causes harm to host
        over period of time
      - usually smaller
        than host
      - seldom kills host
        (if does = be v. slow)
  - - - INTERSPECIFIC
        
        members of DIFFERENT species
      - INTRASPECIFIC
        
        members of SAME species
      - in nature = MORE intra than inter
        
        e.g. oak seedlings compete w/ oak parent tree
  - - - FUNGI
        &
        GREEN ALGAE
        (Lichens)
        
        fungi
        
        provide supporting framework
        
        absorb water + minerals
        
        shelter algae - prevent desiccation
        
        algae
        
        photosynthesise
        
        provide carbs
        
        available for fungi
      - NITROGEN-FIXING
        BACTERIA
        &
        LEGUMES (peas/beans)
        
        bacteria
        
        live in nodules of roots
        
        provide amino acids to plants
        
        plants
        
        provide carbs for bacteria
      - HERBIVORES
        &
        BACTERIA
        
        cellulose digestion
        
        in cows etc =
        
        bacteria possess cellulase (hydrolyses cellulose)
        
        cows
        
        benefit as
        
        utilise food not accessible to others
        
        bacteria
        
        gain ready supply of food
        
        live in optimum conditions
        
        high + constant temps
        
        rapid metabolic activity