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How do we inherit genes? - Coggle Diagram
How do we inherit genes?
Meiosis
creates sex cells
steps
interphase
prophase 1 and 2
metaphase 1 and 2
anaphase 1 and 2
telophase 1 and 2
cytokinesis
crossing over
genetic diversity
Spermatogenesis for sperm
1N
Oogenesis for egg cells
1N
haploid
N
half the amount of DNA an organism needs
diploid
2N
full set of chromosomes from both parents
Inheritance patterns
traits are inherited
phenotype
appearance based on genotype (purple or white)
humans have 46 chromosomes
autosomes (chromosomes in body cells)
gametes (chromosomes in sex cells)
dominant traits
recessive traits
simple recessive
simple dominant
codominant / incomplete dominance
blood types
sex linked (x-linked)
lethal genes
genotypes
genetic information (letters like BB or bb)
Karyotypes & Punnett squares
dihybrid crosses
two traits
inherited independent of one another (law of independent assortment)
16 square grid
foil method
karyotypes
show irregularities
mostly random events, not inherited
nondisjunction
failure of chromosomes to separate
can occur in meiosis 1 or 2
chromosome disorders
Cri Du Chat
Turner Syndrome
Williams’ Syndrome
Down’s Syndrome
Chronic myeloid leukemia Syndrome
balanced rearrangement
no genetic information lost
unbalanced rearrangements
genetic information duplicated or deleted
Mendel's Laws
Law of Dominance
Law of Segregation
Law of Independent Assortment