How can the foam in the Elephant's Toothpaste reaction take 6 seconds to reach the top of a measuring cylinder?

Expense

Chemical Reaction

Materials

The effect errors possess on the experiment: how they impact the results can the conclusions that can be made about the data at hand

Resolution of materials

Potential Factors

Concentration

Temperature

Catalyst

Dish Soap

Brand of Dish Soap

Speed of which the reaction is catalysed, depending on other factors such as the kind of catalyst, surface area, temperature.

Higher temperatures result in faster reaction time, as there is more kinetic energy of particles in the chemicals, which can lead to higher rates of reaction.

State of catalyst; aqueous solution, solids. These states can affect how effective the catalysts are, as they reduced or increase the surface area in which the solution of hydrogen peroxide is catalysed

Lower temperatures result in slower rate of reaction, as the particles are colder and possess less kinetic energy to collide with particles, which results in lower rates of reaction

Consideration of collision theory

Higher concentrations of hydrogen peroxide and chemical factors, leading to faster reaction, or increased rate of reaction

Quantity of successful collisions of particles

Higher kinetic energy

Colour of Dish Soap

Food dye, for indication of reaction

Comparison between chemical endpoint and human determination of endpoint, eg. the chemical reactions that take place, that indicate the presence or significance of endpoint

More expensive equipment or apparatus

More expensive chemicals

Quality of equipment, high or low

Budget for the experiment

More potent chemicals: they will result in faster hypothesised reaction rate, but the expense of potent chemicals is higher priced than desired

Quality and reliability of chemicals: price of chemicals in comparison to their reliability, or quality. May take more money to retrieve chemicals with higher qualities

Safety

Range of prices: the range of chemicals and ranges for reliable and valid sources of data collection need to be considered. Each market of the materials have higher and lower price ranges

Thought: Purchasing higher quality equipment means that each piece of material must be of high quality, otherwise the occurrence of errors may impact the data on a larger scale.

Thought: Purchasing low quality equipment may be cheap and affordable to test the question, but having poor qualitative equipment results in low reliability and validity

Bulk buy

Measuring Cylinders with varying volumes

Random errors

Precision

Systematic errors

Accuracy

How does the materials used affect the validity of the data that will be recorded?

How reliable is the data going to be, with the different materials

High

Low

High

Low

Moderate

Moderate

the correlation between the materials and how the data can be affected

The ways in which the catalyst can be delivered into the hydrogen peroxide solution, it may be automated via a machine, or could be done via hands on experiment

Effectiveness of each different type of dish soap

Dawn

Palmolive

Joy

Morning Fresh

Glitz

Northfork

Earth Choice

Types of Dish Soap

Biodegradable

Sensitive

Bacterial Removal

Scented

Lemon

Grapefruit

Peach

Eucalyptus

Measurement

Molar

Per unit volume

Density

Red

Blue

Green

Does the colour of food dye fade as the reaction is catalysed?

100.0mL, 6 seconds to reach the top may result in faster reaction, more potent catalyst or conditions to boost the reaction rate

50.0mL, the standard measuring cylinder option

High

Low

options for stores

Places that have multiple supplies

Minimise time spent for purchasing

Time is money: the preparation time required to purchase all of the materials and the time it takes to retrieve every single piece of equipment will take a lot of time

Storage

Decomposition of chemicals, may reduce the rate of reaction, which can reduce the theorectical 6 seconds

Transport of chemicals

Temperature of storage environment

Camera

Slow motion

Smartphone camera

Brand of camera

Canon

Sony

Panasonic

Nikon

Fujifilm

the correlation between the data recorded by the camera and the chemical rate of reaction

Quality of materials

Lifetime of materials

New

Used

Time of Manufacture

Safety equipment: use of fire-extinguishers expends money, as well as the purchasing of additional safety equipment to ensure safety

Backup materials

Hired safety staff: to supervise and ensure the safety of the experimenters, eg. the foam may catalyse quickly and could harm experimenters, which may cause fees to arise for hiring staff

Laboratory appropriate clothing

Lab coat

latex gloves

Goggles

Distilled water

Cleaning equipment

Dustpan

Waste Bucket

Broom

Paper towels

More absorbent tissues or wipes

Time allocated for experiment

6 seconds for reaction to reach top of measuring cylinder

Number of trials possible

Time taken to setup and pack up

Elephants toothpaste

Money saved

Costco

Hardware stores

Factory manufacturing

Larger branches

Higher cost of small businesses due to inflation

School has access to amounts of equipment that are both reliable and safe, which ensures a portion of expense saved

How effective is dish soap in the formation of the foam

Effervescence

Rate of how much is formed

Density of bubbles, leading to lots of foam

The theorised reaction rate

Reaction time, as an indication of the rate of reaction

The correlation between the physics of the foam rising in the measuring cylinder and the chemical reaction

Types of elephant toothpaste

Correlation to actual everyday toothpaste

Monster Toothpaste

Size of reaction

Indications of whether this is an elephant's toothpaste reaction, and not other type of "toothpaste" reaction

Toxicity of elephant's toothpaste

Connection to elephant's?

Ethics of using actual elephants?

Any other applications?

Satisfying result?

6 second

Theorectical considerations

Reaching the top

Time Limit?

Big

Small

KI

MnO4

Personal expense, or at the school's

Surface Area

Correlation between reaction time and catalysts used