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Anglo-Irish Treaty - Process + Aims - Coggle Diagram
Anglo-Irish Treaty - Process + Aims
British Aims
oath + allegiance to the Crown
wanted Ireland to stay in empire-Dominion Status
free trade
acknowledgement of British sovereignty
Irish Aims
De Valera
didn't want oath to be required
external association
divided
Collins
willing to compromise
stepped approach towards 32 county Republic
Brugha
Minister of Defence-hardliner
favoured war than Dom status
diehard republican determined to gain republic
Process of Treaty negotiations
initial discussions July 1921
Irish-DeV, Griffith, Stack + Childers
LG made clear Ireland stay in empire
James Craig there-reminder of NI, didn't take part
DeV found Dominion status unacceptable, LG warned rejected=truce end
DeV came up with external association instead-LG found impossible
Negotations from Oct-Dec 1921
DeV stayed home-Collins angry, "abdicating responsibilities"
Collns, Griffith, Childers + Barton-Childers most doctrinaire republican
Irish would negotiate for external association + if talks broke up, would be over Ulster, for SF unity
delegates-Plenipotentiares, envoys with full powers-had to send word to Dublin before decision is made
British-concessions on trade + finance but not on defence-Irish unhappy, can't stay neutral
Irish focused on nat maj in Ty + Fer/LG believed Ulster would come into a reunified Ire on its own
LG assurances of Crown, free partnership + naval facilities-Griffith obliged
LG said if Unionists unreasonable he would resign-pressure on Belfast
LG- Boundary Commission-Irish believed NI would lose big chunk-couldn't continue as a state-Griffith initialed copy of discussion
Irish wanted Crown to be symbol.Br wanted formal alliance
26 county state-Irish Free State
struggled to find wording for Oath-revised to acceptable version
Griffith told LG needed more on Irish unity, LG brought BC-Collins knew nothing, Ulster removed from negotiation tool
If Griffith refused-breach of faith-LG prepared 2 letters, one saying War is back, and one saying peace-gave ultimatum
Irish felt they had no time to consult Dublin + signed Treaty
Treaty Terms
gave Irish full fiscal autonomy
Crown forces would withdraw from most of Ireland
Dominion Status
jurisdiction over most domestic affairs
military force (although the UK was to retain temporary control of several military ports)
A Governor-General was to represent the monarch, Oath required
granted the Parliament of Northern Ireland the option of joining the Free State after a period of one month or remaining a devolved part of the United Kingdom