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He-Yin Zhen 何殷震 - Coggle Diagram
He-Yin Zhen 何殷震
Biography
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Context
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Circulation of ideas of liberalism, Christian evangelism, evolutionism, socialism, anarchism, feminism, Marxism
1903: the Women's Bell published by Jin Tianhe, emerging from progressive male circles. Proposed women's rights to education, suffrage, employment, livelihood and human dignity
1850s to 1907, feminist struggles subordinate to national development. Women's emancipation was a means to the goal of national development and sovereignty
Anarchists link feminism to complete social revolution - oppression of women linked to class divisions and exploitation as well as traditional culture
Anarchists criticised militarism and nationalism, condemning superstition and traditional morality. Anarchism would lead to the end of hirarchical social systems like the family
Anarcha-feminism separates feminism from nationalism: women's liberation for moral necessity not for the sake of the nation
Marries Liu Shipei, an influential intellectual, in 1904 and moves to Tokyo in 1907. Meets revolutionaries and anarchists
Pre-eminent feminist theorist and founding editor of an anarcha-feminist journal Natural Justice under the aegis of the "society for the restoration of women's rights"
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Targets oppression of women in China, in the past and preset, in industralising Japan, and around the world
Early feminist critic of Chinese political economy, modern state, and patriarchy
Philosophy
Key themes:
systematic global critique of the political, economic, moral, ideological bases of patriarchal society
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criticises progressive male intellectuals who subordinated women's interests to nationalist agendas.
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Total revolution to abolish property, family and the state
Nannü and feminism
Woman as a transhistorical global category. Individual identity and a structure, constituted through scholarship, ritual, law, social and labour practices
Womanhood not biological, something constructed socially
Man and woman, categories based on difference. Mutually constitutive, hierarchical relationship between genders
Women's bodily subjection through commodification (in private and public). Not a modern capitalist phenomenon - ontological
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Distinction is rendered ontological as it is institutionalised by patriarchal discourse and the material world
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Pacifism
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We must adopt a pacifist perspective, refuse conscription and refuse war in passive resistance
Women experience gender based violence in wars and bear a heavy burden: they should be natural pacifists
Liberation
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Criticises western feminist achievements as limited: monogamy, divorce, civil marriage, co-education
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