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Reasons for food shortage - Coggle Diagram
Reasons for food shortage
Physical
Extreme weather events
weather events that may cause loss of live or damage to property
Droughts - reduce water supply available for crops to grow and can lead to crop failures
Cold and heat waves - crops not accustomed to growing in these temps
Tropical cyclones - flooding of farmland and suffocate crops
EG: Cyclone Yasi Australia and damaged half of banana crop plantation
Climate change
cause existing farmland to become unsuitable for farming
crops unable to grow in certain areas that were once suitable for farming due to change in temperature
Pests
damage crops and lead to reduced crop yield
Political
Civil strife
situation in which country faces internal conflicts
destruction of productive farmland and disputes over control of resources that can affect food production such as land and water
desperation and frustration about not being able to find food
Poor governance
prioritise other developmental needs of the country over ensuring food security
local farmers left with smaller plots of land for farming -> smaller crop yield
EG: India 2010 40k villagers deprived of land for farming due to development of mining
villagers lost means to produce own food
Economic
Rising demand for meat and dairy products from emerging economies
DCs w more disposable income
depletes food inventories which causes food shortage in poorer countries as a result of higher prices due to increased demand
Soaring cost of fertilisers and transport
cost of producing/transporting food increases -> price of food also increases
Conversion of farmland to industrial crop production to produce biofuel crops
growing crops for industrial use more profitable than growing food crops
farmers and companies convert farmland to grow crops for biofuels
EG: 25% of all food in usa biofuel instead of food
Social
Lack of accessibility
LDCs: food outlets scarce and far -> difficult to obtain food
Inadequate logistics of food distribution and storage
movement of food from farms to retail outlets -> good networking needed
physical features may hinder transport eg mountains
significant when local production cannot meet local demand hence imports necessary
EG: Timor Leste 1/3 experiences food shortage -> worsened by lack of storage facilities and difficulty in accessing remote communities around the land
Rapid population growth
demand > supply