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THE OCTOBER REVOLUTION - Coggle Diagram
THE OCTOBER REVOLUTION
The february revolution (1917)
During a period
characterised by
economic hardship
general demoralisation
marked by defeats
the trigger for
the new revolutionary outbreak
was when the government introduced
ration cards
This allowed families to acquire
small quantity of provisions
to be able to subsist
in times of scarcity
In February 1917, striking
Workers
Women
led popular demonstrations
with the slogan of
Bolsheviks ‘peace, bread and land’
Soon afterwards
demostration resulted in a
general revolutionary strike
the forces of order and the Duma
aligned with the revolutionaries
When the tsar realised
he no longer had support
he was obliged to abdicate
February Revolution had triumphed
Over the following months
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2 poles of power would emerge
from the political space
left by the tsar
Both were heirs to the Revolution of 1905
but had different
characteristics
goals
were
The Duma
one liberal
The Soviet
revolutionary
tried to give political direction
to the revolution
agreed to form a Provisional Government
The amnesty allowed Lenin
leader of the Bolsheviks
to return from his exile
in Switzerland
He presented the April Theses
in front of representatives
from the whole of Russia
gathered at the Conference of Soviets
he refused to cooperate
with the Provisional Government
defended the need to move
to a new phase of the revolution
aimed at taking power
The October revolution (1917)
The Provisional Government tried to boost
the war effort
which increased social tension
During the summer
head of government
Alexander Kerenski
entrusted the supreme command
of the army to General Kornilov
who tried to overthrow the government
This event became
immediate cause of a new revolution
install a military dictatorship
Lenin felt the time had come
made the decision to move
to an armed uprising
From the Smolny Institute
seat of the Petrograd Soviet
Bolsheviks organised the October Revolution
During the night of 24–25 October
revolutionary troops occupied
strategic points of the city
took the Winter Palace
dismissed the Provisional Government
The following day
warning shots from
the cruiser Aurora
announced the triumph of the revolution
it spread the idea that
a communist revolution
was beginning worldwide
The First revolutionary government
On 26 October
Congress of Soviets constituted a government
Soviet of People’s Commissars or Sovnarkom
chaired by Lenin
the first decrees were signed
Decree of Land
legalised the peasant appropriations
of assets belonging to
The Church
Landowners
The Crown
Private ownership of land was abolished
passed to the local Soviets
to be distributed among the peasants
Decree of the right of self-determination
affected the peoples
of the former tsarist empire
Decree of the Tcheka
political police
to combat the counterrevolution
Decree of Peace
to end the war
Economic decrees
with nationalisation of the banks
non-recognition of the debt
contracted by the tsar’s government
with foreigners
control of companies by the workers
Decrees for the emancipation of women
established complete equality
between men and women
Elections by universal suffrage
were held to elect a Constituent Assembly
These elections were won in January 1918
by the Socialist Revolutionary Party
who rejected the Sovnarkom decrees
Bolsheviks dissolved the Constituent Assembly
by force
arguing electoral fraud
true representation of the people
was in the Congress of Soviets
Mensheviks and Esers denounced
a coup d’état
tsar and his family
executed in July 1918
many people into exile
In March 1918
Lenin signed a peace treaty
With Germany
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
meant immediate end of the war
for Russia
relinquished more than 1/3 of its population
and of
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in exchange
loss of important territories
