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Air and Atmosphere - Coggle Diagram

- - - - it refers to the mechanism that maintains the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and consist of processes that remove and produce carbon dioxide
      - removing carbon dioxide
        
        plants undergo photosynthesis to convert carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and water from soil to form glucose and oxygen. glucose is used as food for plant growth and excess glucose is stored as starch. the stored starch is transferred to animals when the plant is ingested, and when plants and animal die, the stored starch in their bodies are buried underground and slowly converted to fossil fuels over millions of years
        
        oceans help to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere when carbon dioxide dissolves in them. while increased carbon dioxide levels can promote the growth of some species of phytoplankton and ocean plants, the carbon dioxide in the water forms carbonic acid, which increases the acidity of the water (ocean acidification). it can affect the life of marine organisms as the acid reacts with the carbonate ions in the water which is required for coral growth and reacts with the carbonate shells of marine animals causing death
      - Producing carbon dioxide
        
        decay and bacterial decomposition of animals and plants
        
        combustion of fuels
        
        fossil fuels are burnt in power plants, factories and vehicles to produce energy. the process releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. during complete combustion carbon dioxide and water vapour is produced, while during incomplete combustion, carbon particles (soot) and carbon monoxide is produced
        
        respiration
        
        plants and animal carry out a process known as respiration in which glucose reacts with oxygen in the air, to produce energy, carbon dioxide and water
    - - the enhanced greenhouse effect occurs when there is an increase in the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere causing it to heat up too much, which causes global warming
      - carbon dioxide levels are 30% higher than what they were 200 years ago, this is because of the burning of fossil fuels to produce energy, to generate electricity and fuel for transportation and deforestation, carbon dioxide is the largest contributor to the enhanced greenhouse effect at 70%
    - - it refers to the warming of the atmosphere due to absorption of infrared radiation by greenhouse gases
      - it is crucial for maintaining the temperature needed to sustain life in earth. without it, the earth's temperature will be around -40 and the surface will be permanently covered in ice. greenhouse gases allow infrared radiation to reach the surface but traps a small amount of it, causing the surface to warm up