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Factors that influence L1 & L2 - Coggle Diagram
Factors that influence L1 & L2
Age
First language acquisition is a natural process that begins at birth and continues throughout childhood.
The younger the child, the more easily they acquire their mother tongue or L1.
Younger learners tend to have better L2 learning outcomes than older learners.
Personality
Extroversion
Refers to a person's sociability, assertiveness, and enthusiasm.
They also more willing to engage with native speakers and practice their language skills in social settings.
Conscientiousness
Refers to a person's self-discipline, organization, and goal orientation.
Laerners are more likely to use structured study strategies, such as memorization and practice, to acquire vocabulary and grammar rules.
Culture
Cultural norms and expectations
In some cultures, it is expected that children will learn L2 in school, while in other cultures, L2 is not taught until later in life.
These cultural differences can impact the age at which learners start acquiring L2 and their attitudes towards L2 learning.
Translation and interpretation
Translation and interpretation can play a significant role in helping learners bridge the gap between their own native language and the targeted language.
Learners can use translation and interpretation to understand the nuances of the language they are learning.
Motivation
Young children are often highly motivated to learn their L1, as they are surrounded by language and have a natural curiosity and desire to communicate with others
Learners who have a positive attitude towards the L2 and are interested in the target culture are more likely to be motivated to learn and achieve higher levels of proficiency.
Mother tongue
The mother tongue can serve as a resource for L2 learning, as learners can use their L1 knowledge and skills to facilitate their understanding and production of the L2.