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Animal nutrition - Coggle Diagram

- - - - A diet that contains all these nutrients in its suffisient amount is called a balanced diet
  - - - Found in citrus fruits
      - To make the stretchy protein collagen
      - Scurvy
        
        Pains in joints and muscles, and bleeding from gums and other places
    - - Found in butter, egg and sunlight
      - Helps calcium to be absorbed, for making bones and teeth
      - Rickets
        
        Bones become soft and deformed
  - - - Found in Dairy products
      - For bones and teeth and for blood clotting
      - Brittle bones and teeth and poor blood clotting.
    - - Found in red meat
      - For hemoglobin
      - Anemia
- - - - Now most of the nutrients have been absorbed and given to the body, so now all the indigestible food are passed out through intervals through the anus.
  - - - Secrete gastric juice
        
        Pepsin
        
        Turns protein into polypeptides
        
        Lipase
        
        Breaks down triglyceride into diglyceride + 1 free fatty acid
        
        HCL
        
        Kills bacteria that enters the stomach
        
        Activates pepsinogen
        
        Intrinsic factor
        
        For vitamin B12 absorption in the small intestine
  - - - Many enzymes are made in the pancreas
        
        A tube called pancreatic duct leads from the pancreas to the duodenum. Pancreatic juice is flowed along this tube
      - Pancreatic juice
        
        Amylase
        
        Starch to maltose and further isomaltose.
        
        trypsinogen is broken down into trypsin and further broken down into amino acids.
        
        lipase
        
        Breaks down fat to two free fatty acids and glycerol
        
        Contains Sodiumhydrogencarbonate
        
        neutralizes the acidic PH of chyme
    - - emulsifies the fats to make it easier for lipase
    - - The inner wall of the intestine is covered in villi
      - Maltase enzyme
        
        Breaks down maltose into glucose
      - Have lacteals that absorb fats
    - - villi contain blood capillaries
        
        Nutrients can be easily transported around the body
      - Villi walls are only one cell thick
        
        Digested nutrients can easily cross the wall
      - Has villi and each villi has micro villi
        
        Better and faster absorption
      - 5m long
- - - - Gripping food.
    - - Have wide surface for grinding the food.
    - - Chisel shaped for biting of pieces of food.
    - - For grinding.
  - - - These bacteria form a sticky film called plaque
        
        If untreated turns into tartar
    - - Bacteria feeds the sugar to form acid
        
        The acid works out it's way to the pulp cavity
        
        Now spreads rapidly
    - - Use fluoride toothpaste as it makes your teeth more resistant to decay.
      - Make regular visits to the dentist.
      - Don't eat too much sugar.