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05 THE OCTOBER REVOLUTION, Garazi García Antruejo, image, image, image,…
05 THE OCTOBER REVOLUTION
THE FEBRUARY REVOLUTION (1917)
a period characterised by economic hardship, general demoralisation and a war marked by defeats
trigger for the new revolutionary outbreak
when the government introduced ration cards
allowed families to acquire a small quantity of provisions
In February 1917
striking workers and women led popular demonstrations with the slogan ‘peace, bread and land’
the demonstrations resulted in a general revolutionary strike
the Duma, aligned with the revolutionaries
the Tsar was obliged to abdicate
February Revolution had triumphed
Two poles of power would emerge
one liberal, the Duma
the other revolutionary, the Soviet
agreed to form a Provisional Government
established democratic freedoms, form a constituent assembly and grant political amnesty
Lenin presented the April Theses at the Conference of Soviets
he refused to cooperate with the Provisional Government
defended the need to move to a new phase of the revolution aimed at taking power
THE OCTOBER REVOLUTION (1917)
The Provisional Government tried to boost the war effort
increased social tension
the head of government, Alexander Kerenski, entrusted the supreme command of the army to General Kornilov
he tried to overthrow the government and install a military dictatorship
cause of a new revolution
Lenin made the decision to move to an armed uprising
the Bolsheviks organised the October Revolution
During the night of 24–25 October
revolutionary troops occupied the strategic points of the city
warning shots from the cruiser Aurora announced the triumph of the revolution
communist revolution was beginning worldwide
took the Winter Palace and dismissed the Provisional Government
THE FIRST REVOLUTIONARY GOVERNMENT
On 26 October, the Congress of Soviets constituted a government called Sovnarkom
Decree on Peace, to end the war
Decree of Land, that legalised the peasant appropriations of assets belonging to the Crown, the Church and landowners
Economic decrees
nationalisation of the banks
control of companies by the workers
non-recognition of the debt contracted by the tsar’s government with foreigners
Decree of the right of self-determination
Decree of the Tcheka, political police to combat the counterrevolution
Decrees for the emancipation of women, which established complete equality between men and women
Elections by universal suffrage were held to elect a Constituent Assembly
These elections were won by the Socialist Revolutionary Party who rejected the Sovnarkom decrees
The Bolsheviks dissolved the Constituent Assembly by force, arguing that there had been electoral fraud
Mensheviks and Esers denounced a coup d’état
The tsar and his family were executed in July 1918 and many people went into exile
In March 1918, Lenin signed a peace treaty with Germany
the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
meant the immediate end of the war for Russia in exchange for the loss of important territories
Trotsky
He was responsible for signing the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk in 1918
Garazi García Antruejo
