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Age - Coggle Diagram
Age
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63 teens of various ages were asked whether they thought people spoke differently depending on their age - all agreed.
These teenagers identified informal register, taboo language and dialect forms as being typical features of ‘teenage’ language.
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Penelope Eckert’s research (1998) : discussion of age groups is not necessarily straightforward. She argues that there are different ways of defining age :
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‘Age is a person’s place at a given time in relation to the social order : a stage, a condition, a place in history.’
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John Bald (Ofsted inspector) : ‘There is an undoubtedly a culture among teeenagers of deliberately stripping away excess verbiage in language. When kids are in social situations, the instinct is to simplify. It’s part of a wider anti-school culture that exists among some children which parents and children need to address.
Christopher V. Odato (2013) : researched the use of ‘like’ in children’s speech. Odato identified three stages in the use of ‘like’ as a discourse marker :
Stage 1 : children use ‘like’ infrequently and in ‘only a few syntactical positions’ - mainly at the beginning.’ eg. ‘like you won easily’
Stage 2 : children use ‘like’ more often and ‘in a greater number of positions’. Girls tended to move to this stage aged 5, boys when they were 7.
Stage 3 : children now use it more frequently in other positions, such as before a prepositional phrase : ‘look at how yours landed like right on the target.’ Again, girls moved to this stage at an earlier age than boys.
Stenstrom, Andersen and Hausand (2002) : focused on the speech of 14 - 16 year olds in London. Multiple negation, use of ‘ain’t’, ellipsis of auxiliary verbs, non-standard pronouns