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building sustainable urban neighbourhoods (chp 2.4) - Coggle Diagram
building sustainable urban neighbourhoods (chp 2.4)
environmental stewardship
actions taken by individuals or grps, to protect, care for or responsibly use the environment to pursue environmental and/or social outcome
can be practised by individuals, organisations and/or governments
actions should:
seek to conserve natural resources
preserve existing natural environment
repair the damages & reverse the -ve impacts caused by humans to ensure its sustainability
can be broadly achieved
promoting volunteerism among residents to share knowledge with others about importance of healthy ecosystems.
helps residents become more aware of what they can and should do to responsibly use and protect natural environment
e.g. NParks promotes volunteerism through ground-led initiatives. participants may gain greater community ownership and stewardship of parks in neighbourhoods
partnership of public and private sectors contribute to environmental stewardship efforts
diff stakeholders may have diff perspective, resources and expertise to enhance the environmental stewardship efforts, hence its crucial for them to come together to steward environment
residents and public and private stakeholders must play their part in ensuring an efficient and sustainable waste recycling process
a portion of waste disposed of in recycling bins cannot be recycled. hence, to ensure recycling is optimised, public agencies like NEA should continue to engage residents on importance of waste recycling and how they should recycle.
residents play a vital role in proper recycling , public agencies enhance awareness and education, while private stakeholders provide recycling facilities
strengthens of partnership :
all work together > can focus on both economic and environmental sustainability
clear direction, shared values/goals
weaknesses
continuous adjustments/ alighments of actions
young stewardship participation & perspectives ignored
insufficient resources, funding, manpower, knowledge commitment
disaster risks
likelihood of damage to properties, injuries, and loss of lives from a disaster in a given period of time
product of interaction between 3 main factors:
nature of hazard: characteristic of hazard
vulnerability: conditions determined by physical, social, economic and environmental factors, increases susceptibility of people and their belongings to impacts of hazard
exposure: situation of people and their belongings located in hazard-prone areas
interaction of all factors determine the risks
disaster risk management
plans and actions implemented to prevent risks, reduce existing risks and mange risks
strengthens community resilience
strategies aim to reduce:
neighbourhoods' exposure to hazards
vulnerability of people and properties to hazards
e.g. sg has comprehensive management plan. mainagency responding is sg civil defence force (SCDF). town councils hv the respondsibility to coorperate with other gov agencies in securing public safety and preventing disease or injury
focus primarily on improving residents' emergency preparedness to respond to hazards
e.g. SCDF conducts a community emergency preparedness programme (CEPP), which focuses on key lifesaving skills and important emergency procedures
e.g. they public warning system (PWS) which is a network of siren placed at strategic points. it warns public of imminent threats that may endanger lives and property.
community resilience
ability of community to resist, adapt and recover from impacts of disasters in timely and efficient manner
developed by:
strengthening relationships among residents and raising their awareness of potential hazards
management plans may only be effective and sustainable if there is widespread support and long-term participitation from residents
residents are encouraged to get to know their neighbours so they can depend on each other in an emergency
people's association (PA) organises wide range of community activities aimed at fostering +ve relationships amongst residents
e.g. active ageing, emergency preparedness and community sports
evident thro covid-19 as residents come together to provide assistance to others in need (e.g. food distribution)
developing residents' ability to organise and equip themselves with resources to resist, adapt and recover from disasters
residents can be involved in inclusive planning processes that involves community leaders, civil society organisations and gov
residents actively participate in projects to minimise potential hazards in neighbourhoods, they can then better understand the risks and adaptation options to communicate with planners and the gov
e.g. community first responders (CFRs) volunteers are important in supporting the gov in search and rescue operations, relief work and educating the public on simple first-aid and basic fire-fighting
CFRs (fire) are alerted of minor rubbish chutes and bin firs within ther immediate vicinity and help put them out. this helps SCDF optimise emergency resources to attend to life-threatening and other high-priority cases
total defence framework is all-round response to threats and challenges involving everyone. it emphasises everyone got part to play, individually and collectively, to build strong nation