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Chapter 9/1-5 - Coggle Diagram
Chapter 9/1-5
a few keys to getting a good discussion going
frame the discussion well
preparation time
don't interrupt the flow
buzz groups
role cards
break the rules
Different kinds of speaking
Defining 'genre'
style
manner
tone
quantity
volume
directness
choice of words
formality
type of content
etc.
why, where, who
Importance of 'genre'
appropriate ways of speaking in different situations
target language culture
Successful speaking
fluency
clear unambiguous manner
appropriate way
particular context
micro-skills
Basic lesson sequence
Set task
2.Plan
Rehearse
Do the task
Feedback
Add/correct/Revise
Redo the task
approaches to speaking
structuring talk
avoiding the talk-talk loop
topic and cues
playing devil's advocate
open questions
ways to start a lively discussion
the whole class chats about recent events
discussing controversial questions in groups
discussing a picture in pairs
Communicative activities
Information gap: one of us has information that the other does not have
Aim: to get learners use the language to interact
Some communicative activities
pyramid discussion
board games
ranking tasks
puzzles and problems
group planning tasks
picture difference tasks
Role play, real play and simulation
Role play
learners are given some information about a 'role'
role cards
background informations
points relevant to the task
your opinions about the role/problem
etc.
Real play
situations/characters are drawn from a participant's own life/worlds
allows learners to practise lg they need in their own lifes
Simulations
large-scale role play
a lot of printed and recorded background information
aim: to create a complexe, complete 'world'
Fluency, accuracy and communication
Focusing on fluency
What to look out for
immediate error correction can break the flow
after correcition students may find it hard to start the conversation again
others can feel reluctant to speak after correction
Make the aim of the task clear for the students
Accuracy based
Fluency based
Task based on fluency
reduce teacher involvement
Lead in+ set up the task then vanish to the background
take notes during the activity
correction after the exercise
Scaffolding
showing interest and nodding
encouragement echo
asking brief questions
fluency and confidence
VERY IMPORTANT GOALS
activities
repeat sentences you say
chat with you about their weekend plans
agree their list of the best five films of all time in pairs