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Renal system - Coggle Diagram

- - - - easy to get UTI
  - - - Prostatic (Widest)
      - Membranous (delicate)
      - Spongy (longest)
- - - - water & solutes (<3nm) -> capillary walls -> glomerular capsule -> renal tubule
      - protein & rbc (>5nm) impermeable
    - - water, glucose, amino acids, ions transported out of filtrate -> tubule cells -> capillary blood
    - - h+, k+, creatinine and drugs are removed from blood and secreted by tubule cells and into filtrate
  - - - renal corpuscle (glomerulus & bowman's capsule)
        
        glomerular capillary: covered by podocytes (epithelial cells that make up visceral layer of glomerular capsule)
        
        Podocyte
        
        Have filtration slits: spaces between foot processes, covered by very thin slit
      - 2 pressures
        
        hydrostatic
        
        glomerular (bp)
        
        main pressure to drive the filtratn
        
        capsular
        
        osmotic
        
        blood colloid
      - net filtration pressure (NFP)
        
        outward pressure - inward pressure
        
        (glomerular hp) - (capsular hp + osmotic pressure)
    - - net
  - - - Glomerulonephritis (GN)
        
        glomerullar capillaries become so permeable that plasma proteins pass into filtrate, water follow and GFR increase
      - Kidney stone
        
        may block ureter or enlarge prostate gland
  - - - blood flow inc, filtration inc, filtrate inc, speed of filtrate flow inc, insufficient time for reabsorption of nacl, inc in nacl in dct, relases vasoconstrictor
- - - - ureteric colic: urinary stone which causes pain
  - - - transitional epithelium
      - lamina propria
    - - circular layer
      - longitudinal layer
- - - - Function: regulate the process of urine storage
        
        Stimulation:
        
        Inhibit contraction of detrusor muscle
        
        Stimulate closure of sphincter vesicae (internal urethal sphincter)
  - - - Function: Controls bladder contractions and passage of urine
        
        Stimulation:
        
        Contracts the detrusor muscle & relaxes sphincter vesicae
- - - - Fibrous capsule
        
        prevents infection
      - Perirenal (Fat capsule)
        
        protect & cushion against blows
      - Renal fascia
        
        anchors kidney & adrenal gand