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1549 - YEAR OF THE MANY-HEADED MONSTER - Coggle Diagram
1549 - YEAR OF THE MANY-HEADED MONSTER
BACKGROUND
26 rebellions in 23 counties
government struggled to defend from rebellions due to garrisons to defend from potential France/Scotland attack
GENERAL CAUSES
food prices and inflation increasing in run-up to 1549
religious strife - 1549 Prayer Book
Poor harvest 1548
24/26 rebellions dealt with easily by nobles - NOT CRISIS?
KETT'S REBELLION
CAUSES
Poor harvest
Economic strife
EVENTS
Rebels initially targeted Robert Kett (landowner), who turned it around and led the rebels to Mousehold Heath, near Norwich, with a list of complaints
Kett refused the full pardon offered to him - initial conflict between small army of 1.8k, then 12,000 mercenaries arrived with Earl of Warwick
3000 rebels killed in Battle of Mousehold Heath, Kett is arrested on August 27, then hanged
WESTERN/PRAYER BOOK REBELLION
CAUSES
introduction of the Book of Common Prayer in 1549
Devon and Cornwall = highly Catholic and independent
EVENTS
crowd marched with a list of complaints to Exeter in attempt to gain more support - repelled for 6 weeks by the loyalist residents
small Lord Russell army eventually turned up, defeated them on 16 August 1549
Robert Welsh (vicar) hanged, 3000 men executed - govt unpopular
DEMANDS
Repeal Sheep Tax and enclosure commissions
Recall English Bible, reinstate 1539 Six Articles
CONCLUSIONS
although the 1549 rebellions were eventually dealt with, the risk they posed in conjunction with the threat of French invasion was great; scrambled royal forces crushed the largest rebellions but had there been more, the country surely would have been overrun
however, the rebels were largely looking to lodge complaints rather than regime change - not risk to governmental authority